Not to take this thread off track but I've often wondered how an atheistic religion like Buddhism could have spread in the ancient world, a world where peoples minds were populated with deities. Can someone explain this to me? I wouldn't think atheism was a very popular concept in the ancient world so what made Buddhism so appealing?
I know this is al ate reply, but I thought I would like to give my 'piece'.
I'm with ratikala ji on this one; Buddhism spread due to its simplicity. The lack of caste, which seems to harass Hinduism, despite not being a Hindu concept, most likely helped a lot.
Buddhism in the East is not so "atheistic" as in the West; the devas are still, usually, considered as existential beings, whom are frequently worshipped, or are regarded as manifestations of the Dharmakāya. Theravāda Buddhism exists most frequently with Hinduism and/or local animistic religions. Even in Thailand, where about 97% of people are Buddhist, many worship Ganeśa and even Brahmā, whose worship has since declined to almost none in Hindu-majority nations. I always used to ask my Thai friends why they worshipped
In Japan, where roughly about 80% claim Buddhism as their religion, a large chunk of those are Shinto, too, who believe in gods/spirits, and that everything has a soul. In China, they are frequently Shenist, Confucian, and Buddhist; I've seen a few religious Chinese folk praying to Guan Yu (one to Mazu), but not many, since most Chinese I've met have been nominally religious, so it's not like I can ask them in a certain context unless it gets onto the subject.
At the same time, the Buddhism that was most successful was Mahāyāna Buddhism. Its numerous bodhisattvas have fulfilled roles similar to devas for the majority of the population. Pure Land followers probably make up the biggest number of Buddhists; Pure Land was born, and it grew well, probably due to its ease and worship.
Other forms of Buddhism, such as Shingon, Tiantai (Tendai), and Tibetan Buddhism also use divinities, local and/or imported from Hinduism, and they speak of Dharmakāya and sometimes even Adibuddha in ways that can appear like theism, and probably, in all honesty, borders upon nondual pantheism; I've met a few Shingon followers, and they said they saw the Dharmakāya as "like the Christian God".
Zen is also popular, because of its focus on simplicity.
Then, we have the West; Zen is the most popular form of Buddhism in the West.
It was only when I started meeting Western Buddhists that I started seeing atheism, an emphasis on no-soul, and often a rigid adherence to scriptures and orthodoxy.