I do not have all the answers, I am not a scientist. My ignorance of the topic is easy to see.
A Leo Smith Ma Engineering from Cambridge University 1972 has posted online this comment.
There are no ‘scientific’ truths. Science deals with (inductive) hypotheses and theories, none of which can ultimately be proved to be true. Only false.
C.f. the philosophical ‘problem of induction’.
Truth is an idea - not a real thing. At the bottom of everyone’s understanding is the basic idea that there is a ‘real world’, and it exists in a single state only ,at any given time. And what that state is, is the truth.
Attempts to describe that state in terms of high level concepts is what science does. Science is and activity as much as anything. The point about science is that its descripotions are emanable to testing, and if they fail teh tests they are discarded as ‘unscientific’ and if they cannot be tested they are relegated to the realms of metaphysics.
And one of the ideas that cannot be tested is that there is in fact such a thing as truth, and that it has but a single value at any instant of time.
Science is good because its predictions come true. That doesn’t mean that the high level constructs that constitute scientific theory are therefore true. Merely that they are incredibly useful.
Many many problems in the world occur because people confuse knowledge, with fact. Gravity is an explanation for the agreed facts of e.g. stones falling. It explains the fact of stones falling by means of a mathematical formula, and because the formula works, people start to believe that ‘gravity’ has an existence every bit as real as stones. It doesn’t, and Einstein showed that as an explanation it didnt worlk all the time anyway. Gravity wasn’t a fact, or a truth, and it was a false theory, as well. Relativity, that redrew our understanding of the world completely, into a form we still dont feel comfortable with, worked better.
That still didn’t make it true.
What we as humans crave, is certainty of explanations. We seek to know why things are the way they are, and how they will be tomorrow. The body of invisible entities that we invent as explanations, we call ‘knowledge’ , The ones that make accurate predictions that both can be tested and haven’t failed the tests yet, we call ‘scientific knowledge’.
It represents a degree of reliabilty that we crave, but it does not grant certainty.
If you want certainty, you have to go to religion and apply faith.
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&sou...Qjjh6BAgsEAE&usg=AOvVaw2Yq0K6HxhPWTJWSUnPDHeu
As to Spiritual truths being relative, Baha’u’llah offers this;
"The fundamental principle enunciated by Bahá’u’lláh … is that religious truth is not absolute but relative, that Divine Revelation is a continuous and progressive process, that all the great religions of the world are divine in origin, that their basic principles are in complete harmony, that their aims and purposes are one and the same, that their teachings are but facets of one truth, that their functions are complementary, that they differ only in the nonessential aspects of their doctrines, and that their missions represent successive stages in the spiritual evolution of human society…."
Regards Tony