This is a tried and true sci-fi trope. It usually goes one of two ways:
Sci-Fi 1, a return to Ludditism happens at the end of the story, but fails to describe massive, catastrophic damage to survivors who by in large don't know how to function in a pre-industrial world, no matter how much they think they do. There's a reason life expectancy is so dramatically poor in pre-industrialized nations. It's not because they're stupid, it's because manufacturing the tools needed for living off the land by hand with only regional materials is hard and dangerous work, one most people didn't survive long. Instead of a realistic outlook, it just fades to black after the decision to abandon technology. (Battlestar Galactica comes to mind)
Sci-Fi 2, the story is about being forcibly displaced into a pre-industrial world (aftermath of a disaster story). The protagonist calls for cooperation towards making a better world, only to find that a scared, lost and struggling humanity on survival instincts turns even more sharply towards tribalism. The civil framework which kept tyranny of the masses at bay is gone, replaced by the biases of whatever group manages to seize power. The rest of the story ends up being about how humanity ends up being worse than their attackers since they turn on each other with more cruelty than the initial threat ever was. (Pretty much every zombie story, a good deal of Stephen King stories, post-apocolyptic genre writing)
The best case scenario is where said aliens use their technology to save humanity, not by taking away human technology, but advancing it in a sustainable direction. (Re: Star Trek)
Edit: Also, had a thought.
Sci-Fi 3, Modest Proposal story. Where someone brings about or agrees with a disaster scenario and accepts staggering losses for the 'greater good,' even though it's never made expressly clear that the results of the sacrifice of others will actually lead to a 'greater good' instead of more of the same. (The Thanos Gambit.)