angellous_evangellous said:
You're exactly right. I'm sceptical of any identifications of Gnostics in the NT writings. Many of the critera used to conclude Gnostic influence fits perfectly into other groups who simply are not Gnostic.
I agree that many groups share ideas, but i disagree that Gnostic ideas cannot be found in NT writings, specifically the authentic works of Paul. There is much in Paul that makes good sense when read from the Gnostic perspective, but needs to be quite radically (and often tenuously) interpreted to bring it into line with orthodox teaching.
angellous_evangellous said:
It seems like an anachronism to me, and particularly with the strict rules of proof and evidence that many people apply to the NT (eg, questioning the historicity of Christ, the precise nature of the earliest Christians, etc), the rush to date the Gnostic Christians as part of earliest Christianity is rather duplicitous and intellectually dishonest.
I agree, i dislike it when people simply assume the involvement of Gnosticism, just because they are dissatisfied with orthodox Christianity. Gnosticism is quickly becoming the new fad which can only do real schlarship injustice.
On the other hand, i do see the influence of Gnosticism on the NT and, like a said before, specifically Gnostic concepts in some places.
The Gospel of John in particular can be seen as a direct attack on the Gospel of Thomas and the Christians who used it, re-casting Thomas as doubting Thomas for example.
angellous_evangellous said:
IMO, Gnostic Christianity is a later development of Christianity, arriving on the scene only after the Christian documents (not oral history) were widely circulated and respected by the early churches.
I disgree again, Irenaeus himself spend most of his time attacking Gnosticism, suggesting that it was as at least as well established in the 2nd century as proto-orthdoxy. And if the earliest dating of the Gospel of Thomas is accurate (50CE) then Gnostic ideas had an early origin within Christianity.
More importantly we know that Gnosticism pre-dates Christianity, and we have a direct evolution of thought within the Sethian Gnostics from Jewish mysticism into Christianity.
angellous_evangellous said:
Other groups may have existed with proto-Gnostic tendacies, just as proto-Orthodox churches existed, but a clear cut Gnostic sect and proto-Orthodox sects that understood themselves to be different and interacting with each other antagonistically did not exist.
Well, they certainly did in the second century, but yes, in the first century i think the faith was not organised enough to develop internal competition to any real extent.
It should also be noted that there was no organised orthdoxy during the time of Irenaeus (130-202), in fact it was one of Irenaeus's goals to continue Polycarp's work and unite all Christians under one catholic church.
Yet one of the best known groups of Gnostics, the Valentinians, pre-date Irenaeus, Valentinus himself living from 100-153(ish). Thus he had already formed an organised group of Gnostic followers while the orthodox were still running around trying to link everyone together.
In reply to the OP, logos is translated as Word, Logic, Reason, Understanding etc. In Gnosticism the logos is the syzygy to Sophia/Wisdom. The word logos originates in Greek philosophy, although the concept may have developed independantly - for example Plotinus once referred to "our friends who thought like us before they were our friends" (i paraphrase from memory), which could have been the Sethians, we can only speculate.