Here's a specific example: If you make the Quran a consistent part of your life, your subconscious will absolutely come to the conclusion that "non-Muslims are bad people". full stop. (This is because the Quran delivers variations on this idea 500+ times.) Again, your conscious mind can try to find all sorts of ways to reinterpret that repeated message, but such reinterpretations are meaningless to the subconscious brain. This has nothing do to with sociocultural values, it's just the cognitive science that underpins the mechanisms of propaganda.
As for "the practice of Islam", I'm not sure what you mean here. But what I CAN say is that our subconscious brains run the show much, much more than most of us are comfortable believing. I would recommend the book "Incognito", by Eagleman, to understand this more. So, when a student of the Quran meets a non-Muslim, their subconscious will take a disliking to the non-Muslim. Given how many Muslims make the Quran a consistent part of their lives, this divisiveness should bot be ignored.