And the question is what happened to Muslim to culture? Why did they change from a leader in culture and the sciences to lagging dead last? This article has some interesting claims. It attributes the change to the rise of a particular movement:
:" But the Islamic turn away from scholarship actually preceded the civilization’s geopolitical decline — it can be traced back to the rise of the anti-philosophical Ash’arism school among Sunni Muslims, who comprise the vast majority of the Muslim world."
Why the Arabic World Turned Away from Science
In other words Islam may have been infected by fundamentalism. A lesson for us all. I think that in the case of Christianity Martin Luther may have had a hand in changing the culture that led to changes. Not because of any of his beliefs in regards to science, but because the Reformation that he sparked weakened the Catholic Church. But then I am just spitballing there.