wellwisher
Well-Known Member
I am saying the life energy is connected to entropy. However in the free energy equation; G=H-TS, the TS or temperature; T in degrees Kelvin times entropy; S, has the units of energy. Entropy by itself is not energy. However, since the human body maintains constant temperature at 98.6F, changes in entropy tweak free energy. When neurons segregate sodium and potassium ions the entropy lowers with the release of energy connected to the lowering of ionic entropy.Thats nice nice but, why are you posting these googled entropy lessons to me .. learned that stuff in my Chemistry Degree .. "Physical Chemistry" -- a difficult class for sure .. weeds the mathamatician from the artist .. but what you know about this force that appears to violate the laws of Chaos and Order .. and what do you know about the ancient creation stories .. Genesis and Enuma Elish --- about the battle between chaos and order - the separation of the salt water from the sweet .. the land from the sea .. google us something regarding these events .. help us discover the concept of life energy .. and tell us why it violates the laws of Entropy .. and how such and ordered felow such as yourself .. could spring up out of such chaos . via the life force ..
Going against the 2nd law, increase in entropy, can be done but it takes work and/or the expenditure of energy. The neuron is up to the task, using 90% of her energy to create this unstable situation. However, she is like Sisyphus who rolls the large round stone, up the hill only to have to roll back down; neuron fires. This hill is not an activation energy hill, connected to changes in enthalpy, that you can overcome and roll down the other side. Entropy has to increase and going against it, it only temporary, until it rolls backwards.
The neuron pumping and exchanging of ions at the neuron membrane are deliberate processes and are not spontaneous processes. I can deliberately freeze liquid water to make ice cubes with a loss of entropy. But that will take electricity and my machine will increase entropy; heat loss, for a net gain of system entropy. However, now since I have made ice, that is a like a reservoir of lowered entropy, that will need to increase. I can use it on my drink.I can make neither head nor tail of this, I'm afraid. But I note you are trying to evade my point that entropy always increases in a spontaneous process.
There is no need for any additional hypothesis, whether "orgone energy" or anything else, to account for processes going "against entropy", since that never occurs.
Neurons pump and exchange sodium and potassium ions, for their low entropy reservoir, because these two ions extend the hydrogen bonding range of water; amplify and reduce, getting the water involved in storage. Sodium ions in water are kosmotropic meaning it creates more order in water than pure water creates for itself. Potassium ions are the opposite or chaotropic, creating more disorder in pure water than water creates for itself. The potassium concentrates on the inside and adds disorder to the water; higher entropy. This is needed to overcome pure water overpacking the protein. Potassium, via the water, looses up the protein so they more reactive; adds entropy and complexity.
The outside sodium ions cause water to become more ordered. The outside of the neuron has an enhanced lowered entropic potential that includes the water by virtue of its contact with sodium. Increased entropy occurs by attracting a wide variety of food materials to the cell, which enter the cells through transport protein; selective lock and key.
Because potassium creates chaos in water it has a smaller hydration sphere of water, while sodium by creating order in water has a more extended hydration sphere. This makes the smaller sodium ions bigger if you include the hydration sphere. Potassium is larger as an ion, but if we include the smaller hydration sphere, it is now smaller than sodium plus hydration sphere. Potassium can leak out of the membrane attempting to lower its concentration gradient; type of partial entropy increase. This move extra positive charge; K+, out, setting what is called the membrane potential; outside positive and inside negative. The sodium is too big and is selectively filtered out. We end up with a serval layers of entropic potential and gradients, and some induced enthalpy potential; charge gradient.
When neurons fire to increase entropy, by reversing the ionic segregation gradient, the sodium and potassium reverse or swap.This temporarily creates. more order in the inside cellular water. Memory can be created inside the neuron in sturdy microtubule structures. After the neuron catches up, the chaos of potassium is restored making these microtubule surfaces more active trying to increase their entropy.
The outside of the neuron now sees more potassium ions which increases the exterior water entropy. This can clear out the clutter of food molecules and also set up vectors for further entropy increase; firing cascade. When the cell catches up, the outside structures stabilize and food comes back. All this activity needed for brain and consciousness is driven by entropic potential; life energy and life force to use old timer descriptions of the modern concept of the entropy layering.