I also believe this for privately funded religious hospitals, and the reason why touches on something you said: as long as there are alternative options.
If a privately-funded religious hospital is, say, the only place in the area for an oncology patient to go, or if a patient might not get a say in being admitted there - for instance, if the ambulance will take patients there by defaul when it's the closest hospital - then it should be required to provide every service it can be reasonably expected to provide that the patient might need.
It would be unusual for even a religiously based hospital not to treat an oncology patient. Since religious scruples would only affect elective procedures (AFAIK) I see no problem....do you? The hospital may choose to refuse elective abortion of healthy embryos, (considering it murder) or to open an IVF clinic (having conscience issues about discarding equally healthy, but unwanted embryos). I believe that they are within their right to do so. Why would there be a need to force them to do what they find morally repugnant?
Also, medicine is a licensed profession with a code of ethics. Every doctor has sworn an oath (or affirmed a statement) that they will put the interests of their patient first, in accordance with established medical practice. A doctor who puts their religion ahead of their patient to deny them care is violating this oath.
I guess that the important part of your statement is......"in accordance with established medical practice". What is established medical practice? What was established medical practice twenty years ago, is no longer standard today. What if some doctors are not keeping up with the latest practices? What if they simply practice medicine as they always have? Not bothering to update their knowledge?
The Hippocratic oath first states "do no harm" but it has been proven that a lot of what orthodox medicine prescribes as common practice does indeed do much harm. So I don't see medical practice the same way that you might. I am more incline to seek a more natural approach, which is gaining popularity now because of the way modern medicine is way too reliant of pill popping with many adverse side-effects, and symptom fixes, rather than in curing anything in the long term.
It's the duty of the doctor, not the patient, to resolve any conflicts between their professional duty and the tenets of their religion. A doctor who can't put the needs of her patient first should find another discipline where she can... or find a career outside of medicine.
It is the duty of the doctor to keep up to date with the latest findings. It is also up to the doctor to treat the whole person, not just their illness as if it were somehow separate from their patient as an individual person. Conscience and personal choice play a role in what many people will allow to be done to their own body. e.g. a cancer patient might opt for alternative treatment rather than suffer through the brutal rounds of chemo-therapy. Doctors cannot force a treatment on their patients, so they have to find ways of accommodating their person wishes, even when they don't agree with them. The doctor's personal position should have nothing to do with it. All he can do is offer his recommendations.
If a medical student realizes that the Hippocratic Oath they're being asked to take will conflict with a religious oath they've already made, then the proper course of action is clear: don't take that second oath. Anything less is dishonest and unethical.
Any oath taken by any individual is important. An oath taken before God trumps any oath taken before man for people of faith.
Doctors have choices, and if they can operate within the parameters of their oaths, then there is no harm done. A doctor who has reservations about the efficacy of blood transfusion e.g. can in his professional opinion refuse to administer something he doubts will result in successful treatment for his patient. Other doctors may use blood routinely. A comparison between the success rate of the first doctor and the second would reveal which one was acting in the best interests of his patient, and which one was just following accepted procedure.
However, once someone has taken that oath, it's reasonable to assume that they can be held to it because they freely declared they would be able to - and would - honour it.
Indeed. Oaths should not be undertaken lightly. Honoring the Hippocratic oath however, is sometimes not as simple as it first appears.