michel said:
Some non-trinitarian denominations of
Christianity are more clearly henotheistic. Christian
Gnosticism is generally henotheistic. In addition, some sects of
Mormonism view the members of the
Christian Godhead as three distinct beings, where
God the Father is supreme. Some
Latter Day Saints also believe in the existence of numerous other
gods and
goddesses who have no direct interest in this Earth or humanity.
See Godhead (Mormonism). Though not explicitly discussed in canonical scripture, some
Latter Day Saints also acknowledge a
Heavenly Mother in addition to
God the Father.
Hi, Michael.
I'm not at all familiar with wikipedia, and don't really have the time tonight to spend much time reading up on the information you shared from this source. (But thank your very much for
not using CARM as your source!)
I'm not sure that any of the stereotypical labels (such as henotheistic) describe the Latter-day Saint view of God, and I really don't particularly like being pigeon-holed into a definition that doesn't really fit. With that in mind, I'll try to explain the LDS understanding of God. Obviously, the little bit I have to say here will not cover our beliefs in detail, but will hopefully at least clarify the really important points.
As our first "Article of Faith" states, "We believe in God, the Eternal Father, and in His Son, Jesus Christ, and in the Holy Ghost."
We believe that all three are divine, and that the Son and the Holy Ghost were with God in the beginning. We do
not believe, however, (as many people seem to think we do) that Jesus
became God somewhere along the line -- either at His birth to the Virgin Mary or at His baptism or at any other point during His mortality. We believe that He was "God" from the beginning, as was the Holy Ghost.
I would say, offhand, that the main way in which our understanding of the relationship between the Father and the Son differs from that of mainstream Christianity is that we believe that they a physically distinct from one another, and that their "oneness" is in will and purpose. I hear people argue that they are "one" in far many more ways than that, but I'm not really sure that there is any more important way in which they could be one. When I say they are one in will and purpose, I am saying that they think, feel, and act as "one" God. There is not the slightest bit of contention between them. Their
absolute unity in everything they do and in everything they want for us is beyond any unity we as mortals can possibly imagine. The only way in which they are
not "one" is in their physical makeup.
The reason we say that we believe that they are physically distinct from one another is that we see both the Father and the Son as having glorified, celestial bodies of flesh and bones, while we see the Holy Ghost as being a personage of spirit only. I know that mainstream Christianity believes that "God is spirit." I would assume that, if this is the case, that this means that the Father, Son and Holy Ghost are
all spirit. This raises a question in my mind: If the Son ascended to Heaven with a physical body, at what point did He cast off that body to be a spirit again? Or, if He didn't (and still has that body), how can He be a part of the same invisible and indivisible essence that is His Father? In other words, how can He be both material and non-material at the same time?
We also believe that the Father and the Son have a true Father-Son relationship. (Anti-Mormons like to have a hey-day with this one, incidentally, but unless someone is in the mood to harrass me about this, I'm not going there.) However, I will state that we
do believe that Jesus was born of a Virgin -- just as other Christians do. We believe that, if they were not physically distinct from one another, but were simply different
aspects or manifestations of the same being, they could not very well have a true Father-Son relationship, and that when Jesus referred to God as "Father," He could not have meant it literally.
As to whether they are "one" God or "three" Gods, here are a few passages from the Book of Mormon which ought to make our position pretty clear:
2 Nephi 31:21 And now, behold, my beloved brethren, this is the way; and there is none other way nor name given under heaven whereby man can be saved in the kingdom of God. And now, behold, this is the doctrine of Christ, and the only and true doctrine of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost, which is one God, without end. Amen.
Mosiah 15:5 And thus the flesh becoming subject to the Spirit, or the Son to the Father, being one God, suffereth temptation, and yieldeth not to the temptation, but suffereth himself to be mocked, and scourged, and cast out, and disowned by his people.
Alma 11:44 Now, this restoration shall come to all, both old and young, both bond and free, both male and female, both the wicked and the righteous; and even there shall not so much as a hair of their heads be lost; but every thing shall be restored to its perfect frame, as it is now, or in the body, and shall be brought and be arraigned before the bar of Christ the Son, and God the Father, and the Holy Spirit, which is one Eternal God, to be judged according to their works, whether they be good or whether they be evil.
3 Nephi 11:27 And after this manner shall ye baptize in my name; for behold, verily I say unto you, that the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Ghost are one; and I am in the Father, and the Father in me, and the Father and I are one.
Mormon 7:7 And he hath brought to pass the redemption of the world, whereby he that is found guiltless before him at the judgment day hath it given unto him to dwell in the presence of God in his kingdom, to sing ceaseless praises with the choirs above, unto the Father, and unto the Son, and unto the Holy Ghost, which are one God, in a state of happiness which hath no end.
We see the Father, Son and Holy Ghost as sharing the title of "God." I can use this title and be referring specifically to any one of the three or to all three simultaneously. Since dictionaries generally give the word "God" as a synonym for the word "Godhead," we believe that scriptures which state that there is "one God," are best understood as meaning that there is "one Godhead" (comprised of the Father, Son and Holy Ghost).
This post doesn't cover some of the other items wikipedia addressed, but it's already longer than I had intended, so I'll respond to the other items in a second post. Hopefully, this will help clarify our understanding.
Kathryn