lilithu
The Devil's Advocate
No, I disagree. You are assuming that in all these cultures someone was both astute and cynical enough invent a meme that would control the population. I'm not disagreeing that these concepts have been subsequently used to that effect, but I think the concepts of heaven and hell first arise naturally within religious belief as a source of comfort.Majikthise said:Yes. What better way to coerse people into behaving as you see fit than to promise them eternal bliss for following and pain and suffering for independent thought? It's much more cost effective and less destructive physically than brute force. Concepts of heaven and hell may differ slightly from one religion to another but the basic premise is the same. Different cultures have different ideas of what is saintly and what is evil. If we were forced to eat dogs we would consider it hell, another culture might consider it heaven.
Let me explain:
We all die. That reality is scary enough to a lot of people, so the concept of an afterlife provides hope and comfort to a lot of people. But once you have the concept of an afterlife, there's the question of what the afterlife will be like. Well...in addition to the observation that we all die, is the equally obvious observation that life is not fair. It isn't. Good things happen to bad people and bad things happen to good people. And then they die. But, we want to believe in fairness. We want to believe that the universe (or God) is fair. We want to believe that if life isn't fair then surely justice will prevail in the afterlife. Surely the good will be rewarded and the bad will be punished. Surely, your innocent daughter who died of the plague when she was three is in a blissful afterlife that we'll call heaven. Surely, the evil warlord who raped and murdered your grandmother and then died peacefully in his sleep in old age surrounded by wealth and admired by sycophants is in a painful afterlife that we'll call hell. And since the afterlife lasts a lot lot longer than life, then the universe is fair afterall. People usually believe that they are good enough to go to heaven while their enemies are bad enough to go to hell. Both of these concepts provide comfort, not just heaven. Only later do they get co-opted by some religious authorities in order to scare people into line with fears of hell and mollify the oppressed with promises of heaven.