Look up libel laws.
Now Trump, being a 'pubic figure' has to prove a great deal more than you or I would, in regard to this, but just as freedom of speech doesn't allow yelling 'fire' in a movie theater, or allow a university to support and promote campaigns to destroy private businesses by using clearly provable lies in order to do it, then the NYT (or any other newspaper) isn't allowed to publish, with malice and an intent to deceive, inaccurate information that is specifically intended to harm someone.
Offering one's opinion? THAT'S FREE SPEECH. Deliberatly using lies that one knows are lies in order to harm? That's not free speech. Now of course, if those lies turn out to be truth, the case goes right out the window, and Trump is left hanging.
But what if those statements by the NYT turn out to BE lies, and that the Times KNEW they were lies? Shoot, for that matter, what if they didn't know they were lies the first time they were published, but when they found out that those things WERE lies, kept publishing them and refusing to retract...or almost as bad, retracted on the last page in fine print, and continued to make the claim on the front page?
What the NYT said about Trump went far beyond criticism and opinion. They flat out accused him of committing very serious crimes, and did so in a way as to insinuate that those acts are proven true; not to be argued with. No Trial, no evidence....just conviction. The only trial Trump is going to get over these things is a civil libel lawsuit.....and I think he's pretty darned brave to try it. Given the state of the courts right now, even with a compete absence of evidence to prove that what the NYT was correct, what are the odds that the courts would acknowledge such a basic thing as 'innocent until proven guilty?"
I mean, really....as careful as the papers are to put 'alleged' in front of the crime for anybody who hasn't been convicted of something, you'd think that the NYT would at least do THAT....but nope.
It will be interesting.