I earned an AA in English, a BA in biblical interpretation, an MA in religion. Mostly these programs required the supervised reading of about 70 books a term for 8 years and writing a lot of research papers.
For the Ph.D. I had to demonstrate proficiency in several languages - in my case Hebrew, Greek, German, and French. I also had to do several practicums - teaching and research. Lots of papers and supervised research in the interpretation of the New Testament.
Ordination requirements were fulfilled by the MA degree which included some courses in word and sacrament and denomenational polity, as well as serving on staff at a church.