As a dishwasher, I throw out a lot of unused food at the end of the night. I'm not allowed to eat it though, bosses say it has to be thrown away. Say that it is stealing to take it. But I grub out anyways.
Is this stealing, in your opinion? I guess the owner of the food object has the right to do what they want with it. Idk. I'm particularly interested in religious perspectives. Christians, do you think I'm sinning when I take the food?
In many jurisdictions, if you own object X, and clearly abandon your title to X eg by throwing it into a rubbish receptacle then anyone who lawfully comes into possession of X can treat it as their own. Of course, if they throw it into a charity collection point instead, they've obviously intended to pass their title to the charity, which is a different thing to abandoning the title.
Assuming the rules where you are work something like that ─ they may not ─ I suspect that the bosses here are continuing to assert title to your particular X by requiring it to be disposed of in a particular way.
The legal position might be different if you throw X out in the manner required, then after you've finished your shift and left, you then return and take X from where you threw it out in accordance with the bosses' directions ─ and no trespass or other unlawful act is involved.
And health laws may apply too eg require disposal in a particular way and no other.
Or it might all be otherwise, of course. Next time you're drinking with your lawyer, try to bring the conversation round to the subject and see what she says.