Victor,
If I understand your post, I think you are misunderstanding LDS doctrine. Our church does not "Hand down authority" from one prophet to the next. (However, if you are looking for a likely example of that, see Deuteronomy 34:9.
We believe that the biblical prophets were called by God and that our prophets are called the same way. Our prophet does not select a successor, rather, when a prophet dies the apostles meet and (we believe) recieve revelation from God as to who the next prophet should be. Much like the selection of a new pope is viewed by Catholics to be revelation from God. Here are a few biblical examples of God calling his prophets- 1 Sam. 16, Jer. 1:5, Amos 7:15, John 15:16.
Furthermore, we believe that prophets and apostles were selected for this calling before the world was formed - see Jer. 1:5, Eph. 1:4, Isaiah 46:10, 2 thes. 2:13, 2 Tim. 1:9, 1 Pet. 1:2, 1 Pet. 1:20, etc.
I hope I understood your question and helped to answer it. - by the way, hello everybody, this is my first visit to the site.
C