Sorry, but I have to repeat this again.
The Qur'an is not a history book.
A lot of things mentioned, provide no dates, therefore no ways to verify, and a lot of materials that cannot be verified, even those that alluded to Muhammad's own life. And even when it does say something about the events about Muhammad's life, the Qur'an don't indicate at what age Muhammad were when they happened. So the Qur'an is not reliable sources.
Even more materials about Muhammad's life are found in traditions, that were later recorded in the various hadiths and as well pieced together by early biographers and historians, and they are not that reliable too, because they are based on traditions.
I have never found traditions (I am not just talking about Islamic traditions, but traditions "in general") to be reliable, because they are often embellished, distorted.
But they are all we have, so you would have to use any and all available sources (Qur'an, traditions, hadiths, biographies and histories) to piece together, and hoped that we can find the history of real Muhammad.
And that's no easy task.
My point is that the Qur'an won't tell us everything about Muhammad, therefore relying on history.
The two main early and extant works about Muhammad, meaning history or biography of Muhammad, are:
Ibn Hisham (died 833);
As-Sirah an-Nabawiyyah, "The Life Of The Prophet".
Al-Tabari (839 - 923);
Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Muluk, "History of the Prophets and Kings" (also known as Tarikh al-Tabari)
Tahdhib al-Athar (hadith)
Both works are based mostly on the copies made by students of Ibn Ishaq (704 - 767), the earliest biographer of Muhammad. Only fragments of recensions survived; Ibn Ishaq's own original work is lost. But most of it can be found in Ibn Hisham's and Al-Tabari's works.
Anyway, concerning about Muhammad and the idols.
- Destroying idols in Mecca is found in Sahih-Bukhari (hadith), Book 43:658
- About the frescoes of Jesus and his mother Mary, Ibn Ishaq (translated by Alfred Guillaume, The Life of Muhammad, page 552).
- Destroying other temples in eastern Arabia:
- in Sahih Bukhari Book 59:641,
- and in Hisham Ibn Al-Kalbi – The Book of Idols (translated by Nabih Amin Faris. Princeton University Press, pg. 21–22).
Whether Muhammad did it himself or his followers did under his orders, Muhammad is responsible for the idols destruction.
And when Muhammad's army attacked Ta'if, in 630, he refused to accept any term of surrender from the townspeople unless they convert, meaning they were forced to give up their pagan religion under the threat f massacre or mass slavery.
This was revenge for Ta'if refusing to give Muhammad refuge in 622. This not only showed Muhammad's vindictive pettiness, but him being a hypocrite because he ignored the "no compulsion" rule.
