• Welcome to Religious Forums, a friendly forum to discuss all religions in a friendly surrounding.

    Your voice is missing! You will need to register to get access to the following site features:
    • Reply to discussions and create your own threads.
    • Our modern chat room. No add-ons or extensions required, just login and start chatting!
    • Access to private conversations with other members.

    We hope to see you as a part of our community soon!

Huge viruses key to the evolution of the cell

shunyadragon

shunyadragon
Premium Member
Viruses are considered intermediates between the primitive beginnings of life and living reproducing cells. New discoveries have discovered an important link in primitive pre-life and living cells.

In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery
Huge viruses key to the evolution of the cell

In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery

By TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE SEPTEMBER 11, 2020



DNA exchange between ancient giant viruses and ancient biological cells might have been the key to the evolution of nuclei in eukaryotic cells. Credit: Tokyo University of Science


Source: In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery


In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery

By TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE SEPTEMBER 11, 2020

Evolutionary Mystery of Cell Nuclei
DNA exchange between ancient giant viruses and ancient biological cells might have been the key to the evolution of nuclei in eukaryotic cells. Credit: Tokyo University of Science

Giant viruses, like the recently discovered medusavirus, may hold the key to deciphering the evolutionary mystery of the eukaryotic nucleus.

An exchange of genetic material that occurred when ancient giant viruses infected ancient eukaryotic cells could have caused the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell-its defining feature-to form. This is what Professor Masaharu Takemura of the Tokyo University of Science, Japan, suggests in his recent review in the journal Frontiers in Microbiology. His novel evolutionary hypothesis opens doors to new discussions on the subject, bringing us one giant step closer to the truth.

Perhaps as far back as the history of research and philosophy goes, people have attempted to unearth how life on earth came to be. In the recent decades, with exponential advancement in the fields of genomics, molecular biology, and virology, several scientists on this quest have taken to looking into the evolutionary twists and turns that have resulted in eukaryotic cells, the type of cell that makes up most life forms today.

The most widely accepted theories that have emerged state that the eukaryotic cell is the evolutionary product of the intracellular evolution of proto-eukaryotic cells, which were the first complex cells, and symbiotic relationships between proto-eukaryotic cells and other unicellular and simpler organisms such as bacteria and archaea. But according to Professor Masaharu Takemura of the Tokyo University of Science, Japan, “These hypotheses account for and explain the driving force and evolutionary pressures. But they fail to portray the precise process underlying eukaryotic nucleus evolution.”

Prof Takemura cites this as his motivation behind his recent article published in Frontiers in Microbiology, where he looks into the recent theories that, in addition to his own body of research, have built up his current hypothesis on the subject.

In a way, Prof Takemura’s hypothesis has its roots in 2001 when, along with PJ Bell, he made the revolutionary proposal that large DNA viruses, like the poxvirus, had something to do with the rise of the eukaryotic cell nucleus. Prof Takemura further explains the reasons for his inquiry into the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell as such: “Although the structure, function, and various biological functions of the cell nucleus have been intensively investigated, the evolutionary origin of the cell nucleus, a milestone of eukaryotic evolution, remains unclear.”

The origin of the eukaryotic nucleus must indeed be a milestone in the development of the cell itself, considering that it is the defining factor that sets eukaryotic cells apart from the other broad category of cells-the prokaryotic cell. The eukaryotic cell is neatly compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles that perform various functions. Among them, the nucleus houses the genetic material. The other organelles float in what is called the cytoplasm. Prokaryotic cells do not contain such compartmentalization. Bacteria and archaea are prokaryotic cells.

The 2001 hypothesis by Prof Takemura and PJ Bell is based on striking similarities between the eukaryotic cell nucleus and poxviruses: in particular, the property of keeping the genome separate in a compartment. Further similarities were uncovered after the discovery and characterization of a type of large DNA virus called “giant virus,” which can be up to 2.5 µm in diameter and contain DNA “encoding” information for the production of more than 400 proteins. Independent phylogenetic analyses suggested that genes had been transferred between these viruses and eukaryotic cells as they interacted at various points down the evolutionary road, in a process called “lateral gene transfer.”

Viruses are “packets” of DNA or RNA and cannot survive on their own. They must enter a “host” cell and use that cell’s machinery to replicate its genetic material, and therefore multiply. As evolution progressed, it appears, viral genetic material became integrated with host genetic material and the properties of both altered.

In 2019, Prof Takemura and his colleagues made another breakthrough discovery: the medusavirus. The medusavirus got its name because, like the mythical monster, it causes encystment in its host; that is, it gives its host cell a “hard” covering.

© Copyright Original Source
 

rational experiences

Veteran Member
In a historic radiating environment with a non 4 season history, large celled dinosaurs would have lived with large planetary massive Nature and Trees.

Trees shrunk in size, so did mountain mass...why you can see the radiation effect as if the mass once existing as a mountain is gone. As the atmospheric gas mass is the same, then the effect above the mountain, giant mountains prove that giant mountains became smaller mountains, just the same as giant trees became smaller trees and dinosaurs snap frozen prove that the giant cells were removed out of Nature due to extreme cold conditions.

And only the small cells survived, for microscopic cells already existed in water mass, naturally.

Are the same small bodies as they were in natural history. Water after all is just water.

What is the meaning of the hundred years mentioned in Isaiah 65: 20?

100 years ago the self doing all thesis did not exist, therefore any thesis that tries to impose false theory consciousness, is against life survival in egotism. Why the 100 year life span theme was taught, for it was relative to human self one life, conscious life owner who by and because of group egotism imposes he knows or involves self with information not 100 years old. A warning to self/occult science theist.
 

exchemist

Veteran Member
Viruses are considered intermediates between the primitive beginnings of life and living reproducing cells. New discoveries have discovered an important link in primitive pre-life and living cells.

In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery
Huge viruses key to the evolution of the cell

In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery

By TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE SEPTEMBER 11, 2020



DNA exchange between ancient giant viruses and ancient biological cells might have been the key to the evolution of nuclei in eukaryotic cells. Credit: Tokyo University of Science


Source: In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery


In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery

By TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE SEPTEMBER 11, 2020

Evolutionary Mystery of Cell Nuclei
DNA exchange between ancient giant viruses and ancient biological cells might have been the key to the evolution of nuclei in eukaryotic cells. Credit: Tokyo University of Science

Giant viruses, like the recently discovered medusavirus, may hold the key to deciphering the evolutionary mystery of the eukaryotic nucleus.

An exchange of genetic material that occurred when ancient giant viruses infected ancient eukaryotic cells could have caused the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell-its defining feature-to form. This is what Professor Masaharu Takemura of the Tokyo University of Science, Japan, suggests in his recent review in the journal Frontiers in Microbiology. His novel evolutionary hypothesis opens doors to new discussions on the subject, bringing us one giant step closer to the truth.

Perhaps as far back as the history of research and philosophy goes, people have attempted to unearth how life on earth came to be. In the recent decades, with exponential advancement in the fields of genomics, molecular biology, and virology, several scientists on this quest have taken to looking into the evolutionary twists and turns that have resulted in eukaryotic cells, the type of cell that makes up most life forms today.

The most widely accepted theories that have emerged state that the eukaryotic cell is the evolutionary product of the intracellular evolution of proto-eukaryotic cells, which were the first complex cells, and symbiotic relationships between proto-eukaryotic cells and other unicellular and simpler organisms such as bacteria and archaea. But according to Professor Masaharu Takemura of the Tokyo University of Science, Japan, “These hypotheses account for and explain the driving force and evolutionary pressures. But they fail to portray the precise process underlying eukaryotic nucleus evolution.”

Prof Takemura cites this as his motivation behind his recent article published in Frontiers in Microbiology, where he looks into the recent theories that, in addition to his own body of research, have built up his current hypothesis on the subject.

In a way, Prof Takemura’s hypothesis has its roots in 2001 when, along with PJ Bell, he made the revolutionary proposal that large DNA viruses, like the poxvirus, had something to do with the rise of the eukaryotic cell nucleus. Prof Takemura further explains the reasons for his inquiry into the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell as such: “Although the structure, function, and various biological functions of the cell nucleus have been intensively investigated, the evolutionary origin of the cell nucleus, a milestone of eukaryotic evolution, remains unclear.”

The origin of the eukaryotic nucleus must indeed be a milestone in the development of the cell itself, considering that it is the defining factor that sets eukaryotic cells apart from the other broad category of cells-the prokaryotic cell. The eukaryotic cell is neatly compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles that perform various functions. Among them, the nucleus houses the genetic material. The other organelles float in what is called the cytoplasm. Prokaryotic cells do not contain such compartmentalization. Bacteria and archaea are prokaryotic cells.

The 2001 hypothesis by Prof Takemura and PJ Bell is based on striking similarities between the eukaryotic cell nucleus and poxviruses: in particular, the property of keeping the genome separate in a compartment. Further similarities were uncovered after the discovery and characterization of a type of large DNA virus called “giant virus,” which can be up to 2.5 µm in diameter and contain DNA “encoding” information for the production of more than 400 proteins. Independent phylogenetic analyses suggested that genes had been transferred between these viruses and eukaryotic cells as they interacted at various points down the evolutionary road, in a process called “lateral gene transfer.”

Viruses are “packets” of DNA or RNA and cannot survive on their own. They must enter a “host” cell and use that cell’s machinery to replicate its genetic material, and therefore multiply. As evolution progressed, it appears, viral genetic material became integrated with host genetic material and the properties of both altered.

In 2019, Prof Takemura and his colleagues made another breakthrough discovery: the medusavirus. The medusavirus got its name because, like the mythical monster, it causes encystment in its host; that is, it gives its host cell a “hard” covering.

© Copyright Original Source
This article seems rather garbled. What are they saying this prof has discovered and what is the evidence?

From what I gather he has observed that giant virus keep their DNA inside a structure with a membrane round it. And the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell also has its DNA within a membrane. So far so good, but we knew that already. So OK, he has a hypothesis that the two may be connected.

The key bit of the article seems to me to be the bit I have highlighted in red - but this article says nothing whatever about it!

And then it adds something about medusaviruses which seems to have no connection at all to the main story. :shrug:
 

Heyo

Veteran Member
Viruses (or, better, their predecessors) could even be responsible for pre-biotic chemical evolution.
 

Daemon Sophic

Avatar in flux
Viruses are considered intermediates between the primitive beginnings of life and living reproducing cells. New discoveries have discovered an important link in primitive pre-life and living cells.

In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery
Huge viruses key to the evolution of the cell

In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery

By TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE SEPTEMBER 11, 2020



DNA exchange between ancient giant viruses and ancient biological cells might have been the key to the evolution of nuclei in eukaryotic cells. Credit: Tokyo University of Science


Source: In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery


In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery

By TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE SEPTEMBER 11, 2020

Evolutionary Mystery of Cell Nuclei
DNA exchange between ancient giant viruses and ancient biological cells might have been the key to the evolution of nuclei in eukaryotic cells. Credit: Tokyo University of Science

Giant viruses, like the recently discovered medusavirus, may hold the key to deciphering the evolutionary mystery of the eukaryotic nucleus.

An exchange of genetic material that occurred when ancient giant viruses infected ancient eukaryotic cells could have caused the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell-its defining feature-to form. This is what Professor Masaharu Takemura of the Tokyo University of Science, Japan, suggests in his recent review in the journal Frontiers in Microbiology. His novel evolutionary hypothesis opens doors to new discussions on the subject, bringing us one giant step closer to the truth.

Perhaps as far back as the history of research and philosophy goes, people have attempted to unearth how life on earth came to be. In the recent decades, with exponential advancement in the fields of genomics, molecular biology, and virology, several scientists on this quest have taken to looking into the evolutionary twists and turns that have resulted in eukaryotic cells, the type of cell that makes up most life forms today.

The most widely accepted theories that have emerged state that the eukaryotic cell is the evolutionary product of the intracellular evolution of proto-eukaryotic cells, which were the first complex cells, and symbiotic relationships between proto-eukaryotic cells and other unicellular and simpler organisms such as bacteria and archaea. But according to Professor Masaharu Takemura of the Tokyo University of Science, Japan, “These hypotheses account for and explain the driving force and evolutionary pressures. But they fail to portray the precise process underlying eukaryotic nucleus evolution.”

Prof Takemura cites this as his motivation behind his recent article published in Frontiers in Microbiology, where he looks into the recent theories that, in addition to his own body of research, have built up his current hypothesis on the subject.

In a way, Prof Takemura’s hypothesis has its roots in 2001 when, along with PJ Bell, he made the revolutionary proposal that large DNA viruses, like the poxvirus, had something to do with the rise of the eukaryotic cell nucleus. Prof Takemura further explains the reasons for his inquiry into the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell as such: “Although the structure, function, and various biological functions of the cell nucleus have been intensively investigated, the evolutionary origin of the cell nucleus, a milestone of eukaryotic evolution, remains unclear.”

The origin of the eukaryotic nucleus must indeed be a milestone in the development of the cell itself, considering that it is the defining factor that sets eukaryotic cells apart from the other broad category of cells-the prokaryotic cell. The eukaryotic cell is neatly compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles that perform various functions. Among them, the nucleus houses the genetic material. The other organelles float in what is called the cytoplasm. Prokaryotic cells do not contain such compartmentalization. Bacteria and archaea are prokaryotic cells.

The 2001 hypothesis by Prof Takemura and PJ Bell is based on striking similarities between the eukaryotic cell nucleus and poxviruses: in particular, the property of keeping the genome separate in a compartment. Further similarities were uncovered after the discovery and characterization of a type of large DNA virus called “giant virus,” which can be up to 2.5 µm in diameter and contain DNA “encoding” information for the production of more than 400 proteins. Independent phylogenetic analyses suggested that genes had been transferred between these viruses and eukaryotic cells as they interacted at various points down the evolutionary road, in a process called “lateral gene transfer.”

Viruses are “packets” of DNA or RNA and cannot survive on their own. They must enter a “host” cell and use that cell’s machinery to replicate its genetic material, and therefore multiply. As evolution progressed, it appears, viral genetic material became integrated with host genetic material and the properties of both altered.

In 2019, Prof Takemura and his colleagues made another breakthrough discovery: the medusavirus. The medusavirus got its name because, like the mythical monster, it causes encystment in its host; that is, it gives its host cell a “hard” covering.

© Copyright Original Source
2.5um!?! That’s YUGE!! What are they defining as cell vs virus, simple obligate parasite? Or something more?
This article seems rather garbled. What are they saying this prof has discovered and what is the evidence?

From what I gather he has observed that giant virus keep their DNA inside a structure with a membrane round it. And the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell also has its DNA within a membrane. So far so good, but we knew that already. So OK, he has a hypothesis that the two may be connected.

The key bit of the article seems to me to be the bit I have highlighted in red - but this article says nothing whatever about it!

And then it adds something about medusaviruses which seems to have no connection at all to the main story. :shrug:
Good catch. It says “independent research” , implying that it is someone else’s research that showed lateral genetic transfer (which would kind of make the OP article moot).
Is there a reference link to the other “independent research”?
 

shunyadragon

shunyadragon
Premium Member
This article seems rather garbled. What are they saying this prof has discovered and what is the evidence?

From what I gather he has observed that giant virus keep their DNA inside a structure with a membrane round it. And the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell also has its DNA within a membrane. So far so good, but we knew that already. So OK, he has a hypothesis that the two may be connected.

The key bit of the article seems to me to be the bit I have highlighted in red - but this article says nothing whatever about it!

And then it adds something about medusaviruses which seems to have no connection at all to the main story. :shrug:

Read again . . . and if you want to go further the research is cited at the end which has many references in the bibliography.
 
Last edited:

shunyadragon

shunyadragon
Premium Member
2.5um!?! That’s YUGE!! What are they defining as cell vs virus, simple obligate parasite? Or something more?
Good catch. It says “independent research” , implying that it is someone else’s research that showed lateral genetic transfer (which would kind of make the OP article moot).
Is there a reference link to the other “independent research”?

It is an article between scientific research and layman. I would have to check for references.

I looked again, and the scientific publication was referenced at the end which references and cites many scientific research articled.
 

Brickjectivity

Turned to Stone. Now I stretch daily.
Staff member
Premium Member
Viruses are considered intermediates between the primitive beginnings of life and living reproducing cells. New discoveries have discovered an important link in primitive pre-life and living cells.

In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery
Huge viruses key to the evolution of the cell

In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery

By TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE SEPTEMBER 11, 2020



DNA exchange between ancient giant viruses and ancient biological cells might have been the key to the evolution of nuclei in eukaryotic cells. Credit: Tokyo University of Science


Source: In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery


In Ancient Giant Viruses Lies the Truth: Medusavirus Key to Deciphering Evolutionary Mystery

By TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE SEPTEMBER 11, 2020

Evolutionary Mystery of Cell Nuclei
DNA exchange between ancient giant viruses and ancient biological cells might have been the key to the evolution of nuclei in eukaryotic cells. Credit: Tokyo University of Science

Giant viruses, like the recently discovered medusavirus, may hold the key to deciphering the evolutionary mystery of the eukaryotic nucleus.

An exchange of genetic material that occurred when ancient giant viruses infected ancient eukaryotic cells could have caused the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell-its defining feature-to form. This is what Professor Masaharu Takemura of the Tokyo University of Science, Japan, suggests in his recent review in the journal Frontiers in Microbiology. His novel evolutionary hypothesis opens doors to new discussions on the subject, bringing us one giant step closer to the truth.

Perhaps as far back as the history of research and philosophy goes, people have attempted to unearth how life on earth came to be. In the recent decades, with exponential advancement in the fields of genomics, molecular biology, and virology, several scientists on this quest have taken to looking into the evolutionary twists and turns that have resulted in eukaryotic cells, the type of cell that makes up most life forms today.

The most widely accepted theories that have emerged state that the eukaryotic cell is the evolutionary product of the intracellular evolution of proto-eukaryotic cells, which were the first complex cells, and symbiotic relationships between proto-eukaryotic cells and other unicellular and simpler organisms such as bacteria and archaea. But according to Professor Masaharu Takemura of the Tokyo University of Science, Japan, “These hypotheses account for and explain the driving force and evolutionary pressures. But they fail to portray the precise process underlying eukaryotic nucleus evolution.”

Prof Takemura cites this as his motivation behind his recent article published in Frontiers in Microbiology, where he looks into the recent theories that, in addition to his own body of research, have built up his current hypothesis on the subject.

In a way, Prof Takemura’s hypothesis has its roots in 2001 when, along with PJ Bell, he made the revolutionary proposal that large DNA viruses, like the poxvirus, had something to do with the rise of the eukaryotic cell nucleus. Prof Takemura further explains the reasons for his inquiry into the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell as such: “Although the structure, function, and various biological functions of the cell nucleus have been intensively investigated, the evolutionary origin of the cell nucleus, a milestone of eukaryotic evolution, remains unclear.”

The origin of the eukaryotic nucleus must indeed be a milestone in the development of the cell itself, considering that it is the defining factor that sets eukaryotic cells apart from the other broad category of cells-the prokaryotic cell. The eukaryotic cell is neatly compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles that perform various functions. Among them, the nucleus houses the genetic material. The other organelles float in what is called the cytoplasm. Prokaryotic cells do not contain such compartmentalization. Bacteria and archaea are prokaryotic cells.

The 2001 hypothesis by Prof Takemura and PJ Bell is based on striking similarities between the eukaryotic cell nucleus and poxviruses: in particular, the property of keeping the genome separate in a compartment. Further similarities were uncovered after the discovery and characterization of a type of large DNA virus called “giant virus,” which can be up to 2.5 µm in diameter and contain DNA “encoding” information for the production of more than 400 proteins. Independent phylogenetic analyses suggested that genes had been transferred between these viruses and eukaryotic cells as they interacted at various points down the evolutionary road, in a process called “lateral gene transfer.”

Viruses are “packets” of DNA or RNA and cannot survive on their own. They must enter a “host” cell and use that cell’s machinery to replicate its genetic material, and therefore multiply. As evolution progressed, it appears, viral genetic material became integrated with host genetic material and the properties of both altered.

In 2019, Prof Takemura and his colleagues made another breakthrough discovery: the medusavirus. The medusavirus got its name because, like the mythical monster, it causes encystment in its host; that is, it gives its host cell a “hard” covering.

© Copyright Original Source
Its interesting, but we're talking about something the evidence for which is likely gone. I don't expect this question of origin to ever be answered fully. Sure, maybe somehow viruses blah blah, but maybe viruses weren't involved and simply share a common origin or even a separate origin? Maybe life struck twice?
 

Daemon Sophic

Avatar in flux
It is an article between scientific research and layman. I would have to check for references.

I looked again, and the scientific publication was referenced at the end which references and cites many scientific research articled.
Thanks!
Just to save a step, here is the original article —> Medusavirus Ancestor in a Proto-Eukaryotic Cell: Updating the Hypothesis for the Viral Origin of the Nucleus
The item that seemed to be of interest to me was Mans et al from 2004.
Nifty stuff. This is my BS focus some 30 years ago. My oh my the field has exploded with molecular and DNA studying capabilities since I was a kid. :D:cool:
 

shunyadragon

shunyadragon
Premium Member
Don't be daft, I read it a couple of times before posting.

Can you answer my question? If so, perhaps you would be good enough to enlighten me. A short paragraph to show what I've missed will do fine. Over to you.

Read again . . . means refer to the scientific journal article at the end, and the references at the end of the scientific journal cited.
 
Top