nPeace
Veteran Member
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0360544284900793
Abstract
We have studied the fuel use of cattle dung. Data on substitution for fertilizers by farm yard manure formed the basis of this work. The use of dung as fuel is more efficient than its use as manure. Dung (after providing energy for manufacturing fertilizers equal to the nutrient content of the dung in India) used as fuel will provide power equal to 2000 MEe, which is 1.3 times the power generation capacity of the Punjab.
Turning Cow Manure into Energy
Background
Cleaner energy sources are being sought after to replace traditional gas and coal power because they do not pollute the environment. Some common sources of clean energy include solar, wind, water, and geothermal power. However, another potentially strong candidate for clean energy is cow manure, which is a biofuel.
Manure for Power
... This power can then be used to heat homes and produce electricity. While this method is used relatively scarcely with dairy farms around the country, those that have invested in the digester can become self sufficient with energy, removing the need to pay electricity bills. Some farms even produce excess energy and are able to sell the energy and make a profit. In a farm with around 1000 cows, manure has the potential to produce 250-300 kW of electricity every day, which is enough to power 300 homes.
The cow waste produces 250 to 300 kilowatts of electricity daily, enough to power 300 to 350 homes, according to the utility.
“We’re making a resource out of a waste stream,” said Bill Rowell, who is running for the State Senate.
In return, the Rowells receive a payment based on the wholesale cost of power, which averages about 7 cents per kilowatt hour, plus the 4-cent premium. Mr. Rowell said they earned about $200,000 from electricity annually, and with the additional cows should receive $235,000 to $240,000 in revenue from electricity.
Manure for Fuel
Cow manure as energy not only interests dairy farms, but the idea has also interested car company Toyota. The company has plans to build a power plant that turns the methane from cow manure into hydrogen and power for electricity. The hydrogen in particular could be used to fuel Toyota's fuel cell hydrogen cars. The plant will also produce enough power to sustain over 2000 homes and fuel for 1500 cars. Using methane gas from cow manure is a cleaner alternative to gasoline powered cars and natural gas to heat homes. While untraditional, this method of energy production has lots of potential.
Dry dung fuel - Wikipedia
Human feces
Human feces can in principle also be dried and used as a fuel source if they are collected in a type of dry toilet, for example an incinerating toilet. Since 2011, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation is supporting the development of such toilets as part of their "Reinvent the Toilet Challenge" to promote safer, more effective ways to treat human excreta.
Benefits
The benefits of using dry animal dung include:
Cheaper than most modern fuels
Efficient
Alleviates local pressure on wood resources
Readily available - short walking time required to collect fuel
No cash outlays necessary for purchase (can be exchanged for other products)
Less environmental pollution compared to some other fuels
Safe disposal of animal dung
Sustainable and renewable energy source
It's funny how modern scientific knowledge frequently does an about face, right back where the "goat herders" were known to be..
Ezekiel 4:12
“You will eat it as you would a round barley loaf; you will bake it before their eyes, using dried human excrement as fuel.”
If only they would have paid attention to the 'ignorant goat herders", they would have avoided this..
Mariana Trench: Deepest-ever sub dive finds plastic bag
Creatures in the deepest trenches of the sea are eating plastic
.Perhaps a shark wanted to share the superior knowledge of modern science with the deep sea dwellers.
Abstract
We have studied the fuel use of cattle dung. Data on substitution for fertilizers by farm yard manure formed the basis of this work. The use of dung as fuel is more efficient than its use as manure. Dung (after providing energy for manufacturing fertilizers equal to the nutrient content of the dung in India) used as fuel will provide power equal to 2000 MEe, which is 1.3 times the power generation capacity of the Punjab.
Turning Cow Manure into Energy
Background
Cleaner energy sources are being sought after to replace traditional gas and coal power because they do not pollute the environment. Some common sources of clean energy include solar, wind, water, and geothermal power. However, another potentially strong candidate for clean energy is cow manure, which is a biofuel.
Biofuels are derived from plants and animals and have a wide range of applications. For example, ethanol, a biofuel that is produced from corn, is commonly added to gasoline as a secondary source of fuel. Using these biofuels could save about 1.8 billion barrels of oil. While the primary focus of those biofuels like ethanol is alternative fuel, cow manure can be used for both electricity and fuel. In both applications, the concept behind energy production is the collection of methane gas that is a product of manure. Because methane is the primary gas that is turned into energy when burning natural gas, there is a huge potential for collecting methane gas from cow manure.
Manure for Power
... This power can then be used to heat homes and produce electricity. While this method is used relatively scarcely with dairy farms around the country, those that have invested in the digester can become self sufficient with energy, removing the need to pay electricity bills. Some farms even produce excess energy and are able to sell the energy and make a profit. In a farm with around 1000 cows, manure has the potential to produce 250-300 kW of electricity every day, which is enough to power 300 homes.
The cow waste produces 250 to 300 kilowatts of electricity daily, enough to power 300 to 350 homes, according to the utility.
“We’re making a resource out of a waste stream,” said Bill Rowell, who is running for the State Senate.
In return, the Rowells receive a payment based on the wholesale cost of power, which averages about 7 cents per kilowatt hour, plus the 4-cent premium. Mr. Rowell said they earned about $200,000 from electricity annually, and with the additional cows should receive $235,000 to $240,000 in revenue from electricity.
The Rowells are also transforming commercial waste. The farm processes about 500,000 gallons of waste and outdated ice cream from Ben & Jerry’s each year and puts it in the digester. The free ice cream, which the company drops off, helps the Rowells generate more electricity and saves Ben & Jerry’s the cost of disposing of it. “We’re improving our processes, and they’re improving theirs,” Mr. Rowell said.
The liquid manure is used as fertilizer, while the solids are used for cow bedding. The bedding saves the Rowells thousands of dollars a month on sawdust, and they sell the excess to garden stores.
The liquid manure is used as fertilizer, while the solids are used for cow bedding. The bedding saves the Rowells thousands of dollars a month on sawdust, and they sell the excess to garden stores.
Manure for Fuel
Cow manure as energy not only interests dairy farms, but the idea has also interested car company Toyota. The company has plans to build a power plant that turns the methane from cow manure into hydrogen and power for electricity. The hydrogen in particular could be used to fuel Toyota's fuel cell hydrogen cars. The plant will also produce enough power to sustain over 2000 homes and fuel for 1500 cars. Using methane gas from cow manure is a cleaner alternative to gasoline powered cars and natural gas to heat homes. While untraditional, this method of energy production has lots of potential.
Dry dung fuel - Wikipedia
Human feces
Human feces can in principle also be dried and used as a fuel source if they are collected in a type of dry toilet, for example an incinerating toilet. Since 2011, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation is supporting the development of such toilets as part of their "Reinvent the Toilet Challenge" to promote safer, more effective ways to treat human excreta.
Benefits
The benefits of using dry animal dung include:
Cheaper than most modern fuels
Efficient
Alleviates local pressure on wood resources
Readily available - short walking time required to collect fuel
No cash outlays necessary for purchase (can be exchanged for other products)
Less environmental pollution compared to some other fuels
Safe disposal of animal dung
Sustainable and renewable energy source
It's funny how modern scientific knowledge frequently does an about face, right back where the "goat herders" were known to be..
Ezekiel 4:12
“You will eat it as you would a round barley loaf; you will bake it before their eyes, using dried human excrement as fuel.”
If only they would have paid attention to the 'ignorant goat herders", they would have avoided this..
Mariana Trench: Deepest-ever sub dive finds plastic bag
Creatures in the deepest trenches of the sea are eating plastic
.Perhaps a shark wanted to share the superior knowledge of modern science with the deep sea dwellers.