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All that science knows about Reality and how it knows this

sayak83

Veteran Member
Staff member
Premium Member
This really entertaining and informative video explains clearly and vividly all that physicists know about the reality at its most fundamental level and why they have such confidence in this description. It also explains what is yet to be understood in order to get the final and complete picture of the physical reality. Along the way we see:-

1) Reality is not made of particles but 12 lumpy material fields, 4 force fields and one mass field that together explains and predicts every physical phenomena on earth, every single experiment ever conducted, and most of the features of the universe upto 10^-33 seconds after the Big Bang expansion.
2) The interplay between all these fields can be, and is expressed in a single moderately sized but difficult to solve equation which, when solved analytically or numerically gives back the observable reality that is known and tested, including the behavior of empty space-time.
3) Particles are localized amplitudes in these fields.
4) The video shows how the galaxies and all structure in cosmos emerged from quantum fluctuations in an energetic empty space and how this has been verified.
4) The equation currently is only solvable when gravitational space-time field is not extremely energetic (near the Big Bang or near a Black Hole) and an extension of the current field theory into such realms (quantum gravity fields) is one of the main projects of science.
5) Cosmology shows that there are at least one two more matter fields that are so weakly interacting that they have not cropped up in experiments, these are what cosmologists called dark matter. Cosmology also shows that empty space on very large scales have a cumulative repulsive pressure that is called the dark energy which needs a more accurate solution to the field equations than are currently available. Understanding these are the next major goal of theoretical physics.

The video also provides a nice description of why science is not dogmatic and how people are willing to go back to the drawing board when experiments disprove their favorite models.

 

Skwim

Veteran Member
Here's an excellent book on quantum fields by Rodney Brooks, PhD physics.

61SSe1ICktL.jpg

Simply explained with absolutely no math. The third edition, the latest, is a major rewriting.

"Fields of Color explains Quantum Field Theory to a lay audience without equations. It shows how this overlooked and misunderstood theory resolves the weirdness of Quantum Mechanics and the paradoxes of Relativity. The third edition also explains the Higgs mechanism, explains dark matter, explains gravity waves, shows that QFT is compatible with Relativity, and solves the Schrodinger cat problem."
(Amazon.com)​

HERE is a peak inside.

.
 

Polymath257

Think & Care
Staff member
Premium Member
This really entertaining and informative video explains clearly and vividly all that physicists know about the reality at its most fundamental level and why they have such confidence in this description. It also explains what is yet to be understood in order to get the final and complete picture of the physical reality. Along the way we see:-

1) Reality is not made of particles but 12 lumpy material fields, 4 force fields and one mass field that together explains and predicts every physical phenomena on earth, every single experiment ever conducted, and most of the features of the universe upto 10^-33 seconds after the Big Bang expansion.
2) The interplay between all these fields can be, and is expressed in a single moderately sized but difficult to solve equation which, when solved analytically or numerically gives back the observable reality that is known and tested, including the behavior of empty space-time.
3) Particles are localized amplitudes in these fields.
4) The video shows how the galaxies and all structure in cosmos emerged from quantum fluctuations in an energetic empty space and how this has been verified.
4) The equation currently is only solvable when gravitational space-time field is not extremely energetic (near the Big Bang or near a Black Hole) and an extension of the current field theory into such realms (quantum gravity fields) is one of the main projects of science.
5) Cosmology shows that there are at least one two more matter fields that are so weakly interacting that they have not cropped up in experiments, these are what cosmologists called dark matter. Cosmology also shows that empty space on very large scales have a cumulative repulsive pressure that is called the dark energy which needs a more accurate solution to the field equations than are currently available. Understanding these are the next major goal of theoretical physics.

The video also provides a nice description of why science is not dogmatic and how people are willing to go back to the drawing board when experiments disprove their favorite models.


There was a recent claim that dark energy may not be required. The acceleration is still there, but doesn't come from a cosmological constant. Instead, it happens because of the large 'holes' between the network of galaxies (which expand faster than average). This is still not definite, but is interesting enough to challenge dark energy.

Dark matter is still required.
 

sayak83

Veteran Member
Staff member
Premium Member
There was a recent claim that dark energy may not be required. The acceleration is still there, but doesn't come from a cosmological constant. Instead, it happens because of the large 'holes' between the network of galaxies (which expand faster than average). This is still not definite, but is interesting enough to challenge dark energy.

Dark matter is still required.
Yes, presence of dark matter is quite well established. What it is exactly is not known.
 

Ben Dhyan

Veteran Member
This really entertaining and informative video explains clearly and vividly all that physicists know about the reality at its most fundamental level and why they have such confidence in this description. It also explains what is yet to be understood in order to get the final and complete picture of the physical reality. Along the way we see:-

1) Reality is not made of particles but 12 lumpy material fields, 4 force fields and one mass field that together explains and predicts every physical phenomena on earth, every single experiment ever conducted, and most of the features of the universe upto 10^-33 seconds after the Big Bang expansion.
2) The interplay between all these fields can be, and is expressed in a single moderately sized but difficult to solve equation which, when solved analytically or numerically gives back the observable reality that is known and tested, including the behavior of empty space-time.
3) Particles are localized amplitudes in these fields.
4) The video shows how the galaxies and all structure in cosmos emerged from quantum fluctuations in an energetic empty space and how this has been verified.
4) The equation currently is only solvable when gravitational space-time field is not extremely energetic (near the Big Bang or near a Black Hole) and an extension of the current field theory into such realms (quantum gravity fields) is one of the main projects of science.
5) Cosmology shows that there are at least one two more matter fields that are so weakly interacting that they have not cropped up in experiments, these are what cosmologists called dark matter. Cosmology also shows that empty space on very large scales have a cumulative repulsive pressure that is called the dark energy which needs a more accurate solution to the field equations than are currently available. Understanding these are the next major goal of theoretical physics.

The video also provides a nice description of why science is not dogmatic and how people are willing to go back to the drawing board when experiments disprove their favorite models.

So if science knows so much, they should have no problem telling us what is the precise form of an electron and of what is an electron constituted?
 

Twilight Hue

Twilight, not bright nor dark, good nor bad.
So if science knows so much, they should have no problem telling us what is the precise form of an electron and of what is an electron constituted?

An electron is a fundamental (indivisable) particle known as a Lepton.
 

sayak83

Veteran Member
Staff member
Premium Member
So if science knows so much, they should have no problem telling us what is the precise form of an electron and of what is an electron constituted?
Electron is an elementary fluctuation in the electron field and it is constituted by nothing more basic as far as current evidence suggests. Its properties are very precisely known. There is absolutely nothing left to know about the electron (though other entities are not as well known).
Electron - Wikipedia
2014-fund-chart.jpg
 

Ben Dhyan

Veteran Member
Electron is an elementary fluctuation in the electron field and it is constituted by nothing more basic as far as current evidence suggests. Its properties are very precisely known. There is absolutely nothing left to know about the electron (though other entities are not as well known).
Electron - Wikipedia
2014-fund-chart.jpg
You have not answered my question, what is the precise form/shape of an Electron and of what is it constituted? If you say it is a field, what is the form/shape of the field and of what is the field constituted, iow what is it made of?
 

Ben Dhyan

Veteran Member
Refer to link in post 11.

Fascinating read.
I read it, they do not explain the precise form of Orbitons orSpinons, nor what they are made of.

Methinks they do not know, both of you are researching what you can find, one says it is a field, one says it is a particles, then two particles...they do not know yet if it is an elementary particle or particles or a field and its shape/form and what it is made of, then its early days.... :)
 

Twilight Hue

Twilight, not bright nor dark, good nor bad.
I read it, they do not explain the precise form of Orbitons orSpinons, nor what they are made of.

Methinks they do not know, both of you are researching what you can find, one says it is a field, one says it is particles...if they do not know even if it is an elementary particle or a field and form and what it is made of, then its early days.... :)


I chose a peer reviewed source. Not"wiki" lol.
 

sayak83

Veteran Member
Staff member
Premium Member
You have not answered my question, what is the precise form/shape of an Electron and of what is it constituted? If you say it is a field, what is the form/shape of the field and of what is the field constituted, iow what is it made of?
Its a fundamental entity with specific properties that are very well defined mathematically. Its not made out of anything else, since its fundamental, duh.

A fundamental thing is fundamental precisely because its made out of nothing more fundamental. Electron field is one such entity, whose properties are well defined through mathematics as well as how their fluctuations give rise to what appears to us like particles called electrons.
Here is what an electron field's properties are:-
Electron Field Wavefunction = Integral over momentums [ const*Summation Over Spins{a*u(p)*exp(-ipx)+b*v(p)*exp(ipx)}/sqrt(Energy of each momentum value)]

with s=0.5 or -0.5 and correspond to spin. P is the momentum. E is energy. "a" and "b" are properties that help transform an electron from one mode another as the wave fluctuates and "u" and "v" are spinors that keep track of spin transformations. (I am talking about the Dirac field for physicists here).

This fully determines the properties of electron field and hence the electron.
 
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