I think his religious views shifted throughout his life, but I think it started earlier than that.My own impression of Darwin's religious evolution is that he went from being a Bible-believing Christian to becoming something of a more liberal Christian when he was aboard the Beagle.
He went to Cambridge with the intent of becoming a priest. Partway through his time there, he wrote to his cousin to say that he wasn't sure if he'd be able to sign the articles of the Church of England (one of the graduation requirements at the time) in good conscience.
I've read that he actually described himself as an agnostic in one letter near the end of his life. But he was on his local church parish's board until his death.
Could be. I read that essay, too... but it was years ago and I can't remember much of it.After reading an essay by Stephen Jay Gould titled "Darwin's Sea Change: Or Five Years At the Captain's Table", I came to think that having to put up with the captain of the Beagle really dimmed his view of Christianity, coupled with the horrible thought that his father, grandfather, and other freethinkers in his family would suffer for eternity in hell.
Maybe. I think it's also possible that he was just willing to employ the sort of religiously-flavoured language that was de rigeur at the time.When he was conducting his research on the origin of species, I think the quote you mentioned above shows that he embraced a sort of deism. There was a creator who made the universe, designed the laws of the universe, and may have even made the very first life forms, but since then left natural selection to take over for him.
I'm not sure what Darwin's beliefs were when he wrote On the Origin of Species; my point with Man of Faith was just to point out that the language of the text didn't exclude God.
Could be. I think the death of his son was also a blow... though since that occurred after Origin was written, it doesn't fit as well into the made-up "Darwin's evolution is anti-theism" narrative.I think he transitioned from being a deist, to being an agnostic, then to being an agnostic nontheist. I think it was the death of his daughter which destroyed a belief in any kind of god, loving or not. Losing his daughter may have been the straw that broke the camel's back for him.
Edit: also, I think that it's important to distinguish between Darwin's personal religious beliefs and his views about religion's place in society. Even when he apparently lost his own personal faith, he still supported his church and denomination... and he did that right until his death, as I mentioned earlier.