Life, organization and entropy

[Bishadi]

Self-Organisation

In the last chapter we understood that biological diversity and complexity does not contradict the Second Law of thermodynamics because living organisms are structures that maintain themselves far from equilibrium: They use an inflow of energy to create "order from disorder" within themselves, but dissipate heat and other waste products to increase the net entropy and disorder of the universe. The remarkable self-organisation exhibited by living organisms is also illustrated in simpler non-living systems such as that of Benard cells and the BZ cemical reaction. In this chapter we will look at further examples of self-organisation, that is, macroscopic order or pattern formation in a complex system.

http://staff.science.nus.edu.sg/~parwani/c1/node2.html

for some to observe current paradigm

But if a living form dies and leaves a life (new generation) in their wake; then it seems 'life abuses entropy'....

[Random]

I am Entropy Incarnate, and I am self-organizing. Thank you.

[Bishadi]

State Variables

We are all familiar with the concept of temperature. The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics formalizes our intuition and experience as follows:
“If a system A is in equilibrium with system B (that is, has no exchange of heat with it), and if system B is in equilibrium with system C, then A is in equilibrium with C”.
This law allows us to associate a quantity called temperature to each system in thermal equilibrium, so that two systems in equilibrium have the same temperature. The thermometer is a device that uses the Zeroth Law in a quantitative and practical way.

In addition to the temperature, one may need more thermodynamic parameters, called state variables, to completely characterize the state of the system. For example, for a gas these are the pressure P and volume V. Variables such as temperature and pressure that are independent of the size of the system are called intensive, while those such as the volume are called extensive. The parameters that can be used to describe a system are not all independent but related by an equation of state. For an ideal gas one has the equation

PV=NkT

(4.1)

where k=1.38 * 10-23 Joules/K is called Boltzmann’s constant, and N is the number of molecules. As you must have learnt in school, an ideal gas is the universal limiting description of real gases when their density is very low and the temperature high. In general, the equation of state of a real substance is more complicated. It is usual to plot the equation of state as a function of its parameters. One useful curve follows by keeping V constant and representing the equation of state on a P -T plot as shown in the figure for a generic substance. The lines mark boundaries between the different phases of the substance, where changes occur in the physical properties of the substance.

these Phase differences are what creates the hydrophilic and hydrophoic descriptions of the properties known as the 'water and oil' effect.....

to note how H3 and H4 can resonant and associate to like, based on their resonance/structure; this is how phospholipid bilayers form...for the assembly of the cell walls....

a phenomenon left unaswered.... who wants the nobel?

that is how real this is

[Bishadi]

had the idea of elucidating the mechanism of ion transport across biological membranes by nuclear resonance. I thought ion transport must involve rotation of the transport protein in the membrane. Struggling to prove this wrong idea, it occurred to me to study the rotation in the membrane of a lipid molecule, about 1,000 molecular weight, rather than a protein fifty times larger. This led to my discoveries, by nuclear and paramagnetic resonance methods, of phospholipid flip-flop, an exceedingly slow process, and lateral diffusion, exceedingly fast (Kornberg and McConnell, 1971a ; Kornberg and McConnell, 1971b)

guess I was not the first

but does anyone else see that the methodology of 30 years ago is a little behind the times.... this would make a good project for any student

it's all real....

[doppelgänger]

Originally Posted by Bishadi

But if a living form dies and leaves a life (new generation) in their wake; then it seems 'life abuses entropy'....

Nope . . . "living systems." You might want to consult your article again.

[Bishadi]

Originally Posted by doppelgänger

Nope . . . "living systems." You might want to consult your article again.

again another uneducated reply......

if I am alive today, and plant a tree, and die that tree is alive because of the energy I imposed to 'create' that 'new system'..............

So... that living system (a life) such as a human can choose to impose and move to 'create' another system within its own enviroment...

this is logic most of the so called educated just cannot comprehend but to natural reasoning it is perfectly true.

such that a rock cools with a definable pattern as it is inanimate....

but a living structure is different, as it will 'use' it environment, to capture more energy (eat) and then before its body dies, reproduce.... so in this we see, 'that' system die, but yet is did not, it reproduced 'its' living genetic life and is still continuing.....

that is what life does; Purposed to continue....

such that the whole lineage of you and your whole living body (organism) or more purely the 'light' upon that genetic line has never died......... or you would not be here.

[meogi]

Originally Posted by Bishadi

if I am alive today, and plant a tree, and die that tree is alive because of the energy I imposed to 'create' that 'new system'..............

No, the tree is alive because of the energy stored in it by its parent tree. Your interaction with it is of no concequence but the location at which it grows.

Originally Posted by Article

If a system A is in equilibrium with system B (that is, has no exchange of heat with it), and if system B is in equilibrium with system C, then A is in equilibrium with C

If person A kisses person B, and B kisses C, then A surely kissed C, right? The transitive property works best with math... not so much with systems.

[Bishadi]

Originally Posted by meogi

No, the tree is alive because of the energy stored in it by its parent tree. Your interaction with it is of no concequence but the location at which it grows.

but without the assistence that seed chosen may never find a home.... continue with life.. so by choice a many can tear down a forest or plant it... either way the choice makes a huge difference well beyond the grave...

i.e.... see Jesus... without his words and teaching; Ted Haggard would not have corrupted people 'in the name of Jesus'.....

Or simply; if you don't choose to put food in your mouth you die, as well if your parents didn't do the wild thing, you would not be here and if their grandparents had not done the same; their lineage would have ceased and in you 'they' live beyond the grave.

If person A kisses person B, and B kisses C, then A surely kissed C, right? The transitive property works best with math... not so much with systems.

If the A had aids and did it with B, and B did it with C .... could C die from A's choice?

come on... use your head

[painted wolf]

I suggest you read your much beloved source...

Order in Nature

We learned in the last chapter that the entropy, and thus the state of disorder or uniformity of the universe is increasing and yet looking more closely we do see that there are large pockets of exceptions. Indeed living systems exhibit a great deal of variety and non-uniformity: Biological systems actually seem to strive towards greater order and complexity in their structure and function. How is this consistent with the second law? Consider for example a living organism. It is certainly not a random, uniform, collection of molecules. Indeed from its conception to maturity it develops into a highly complex and ordered structure. Of course we recognize that it is not an isolated system to which the conclusion of the second law applies. In fact a living organism feeds, breathes, and dissipates heat and other waste products: It takes in ordered energy (nutrients) and dissipates disordered energy (heat) in such a way that although its entropy actually decreases, that of the whole "universe" (consisting of the organism plus environment) increases in accordance with the second law.

Order in Nature

Self-Organisation

In the last chapter we understood that biological diversity and complexity does not contradict the Second Law of thermodynamics because living organisms are structures that maintain themselves far from equilibrium: They use an inflow of energy to create "order from disorder" within themselves, but dissipate heat and other waste products to increase the net entropy and disorder of the universe. The remarkable self-organisation exhibited by living organisms is also illustrated in simpler non-living systems such as that of Benard cells and the BZ cemical reaction. In this chapter we will look at further examples of self-organisation, that is, macroscopic order or pattern formation in a complex system.

*emphasis mine
Self-Organisation

wa:do