The Great Apostasy (Jesus Christ, priests, ritual, moral, Moses)

[dan]

One of the key elements to the LDS faith is the belief that the primitive church that Christ established while in the flesh was lost to us only a few short decades after His resurrection and Ascension into Heaven. This is a concept often brought up in other threads but never discussed at length, as someone decides it's off topic. I'd like to hear what others feel about this idea as well as provide some information that corroborates our belief that may have escaped the understanding of the general public. My basic assertion is this:

The church established by Christ in the New Testament, with a foundation of apostles, prophets, teachers, deacons and priests - along with all the authority to perform the necessary ordinances also laid out in the New Testament - was no longer on the earth when the church was sanctioned by Constantine in the early 4th century.

I will seek to establish beyond a reasonable doubt that this is the explanation that best exlpains the history of Christianity from Constantine's day to ours. I'd like this to be a respectable and comprehensive debate, with no empty claims or unfounded theories. We have access to inumerable amounts of information regarding this topic on the internet and among our members. Let's see what we can all learn!

[MdmSzdWhtGuy]

OK, what is your evidence that the Catholic Church of the 4th century was not linked to the Jesus movement of the 1st century?

B.

[Mister Emu]

I do not accept that such an apostasy occured...

I eagerly await your evidence to prove that this happened...

[dan]

In order to comprehensively show that the Apostasy is an undeniable fact, I’ll examine several different historical and logical arguments that firmly establish that Christ’s church is not the same church that rose from ashes to imperial domination and then on to sectarian Christianity all over the world. I will draw from the writings of early Church historians, The Great Apostasy, by James Talmage, several different websites (that I will name as quoted), the Bible (KJV), and common sense. Please give me some time to complete each point before retaliating, and please keep the rebuttals to one point at a time. Convoluted debates edify no one. I will investigate:

1) Unauthorized changes in established patterns of church administration and government.
2) Corruption of simple Gospel principles by the influence of prominent philosophical movements.
3) Unauthorized alterations and abolition of necessary ordinances.
4) Gross misrepresentation of Christ by “traditional” or “mainstream” Christianity.
5) Doctrinal changes as the result of economical and political necessity.
6) Prophecies concerning the apostasy.

Without further ado, we dive into our first concern: establishing authorized patterns of administration in the church. We’ll then examine their absence from the post-Biblical churches, and the reasons for those absences.

The Bible gives us the story of God’s dealings with His people from the creation of Adam to the Revelation of John on the Island of Patmos. Consistency and order in God’s kingdom reign from cover to cover. God established His modus operandi from the beginning and has never deviated from it without extensive pre-declaration. Prophets have been the cornerstone of His relationship with us without exception.

“As he spake by the mouth of his holy prophets, which have been since the world began.”
Luke 1:70

“Surely the LORD GOD will do nothing, but he revealeth his secret unto his servants the prophets.”
Amos 3:7

Some will say that prophets ceased with the advent of the Son of Man, but the New Testament (hereafter NT) makes no such assertion, and specifically mentions seven prophets by name that administered well after the Ascension of our Lord. Ephesians 4:11-13 tell us that the body of Christ (His church) is edified by the foundation of prophets, apostles, evangelists and so on. This was to be the pattern of spiritual gifts in the church until a unity of the faith was achieved. No such unity has been yet achieved. This begs the question, When in the bible did God not speak through prophets? Throughout the Old Testament (hereafter OT) we find God threatening to cut off contact and scatter Israel if it fails to hearken to His council. As long as they are righteous He is there, communicating through His servants. At times of apostasy (lit. a falling away) the Lord withdraws His prophets and the people are left alone to fair for themselves. We can actually find a pattern of this happening.

These periods of righteousness intermixed with lonely periods of apostasy are called dispensations. The Lord began the first dispensation with Adam. Adam spoke with God and taught the Gospel to the people. Five other prophets are found that administered during this dispensation. After a time they stopped listening to the prophets and they fell away. Enoch was sent to restore the faith, and his people were taken up to heaven. Noah was the next prophet called to preach the truth. There was relative righteousness through the administration of ten different prophets during this dispensation, but the people soon fell away. Abraham began the next dispensation, and through this man a covenant was made and a nation established. Commandments were established. This dispensation waned in Egypt, but Moses was called to establish the next. He brought with him increased understanding of the Gospel, and his people were given further commandments. After a time this new dispensation again fell to the iniquitous. Each falling away was marked by division and amendment of the commandments of God. Sects sprang from the Babylonian captivity, testifying of the withdrawal of God’s blessings from this nation as a whole. Jesus Christ came to begin the next dispensation during the meridian of time. He restored the truth and brought further commandments, but we are told that this is not the last dispensation. The Acts and Ephesians tell us restoration would take place in the dispensation of the fullness of times, which was still far in the future when John penned his Revelation. This would be the restoration of all things. Restoration does not come without a falling away, of which Paul testified on numerous occasions, but that’s another issue that will be touched upon soon.

[dan]

What does all of this show? It shows us that God does not arbitrarily change His administration. Prophets have been a necessity since the beginning of time. Without them we are lost. Without them God does not command His people. Some have interpreted a verse in Hebrews to mean that Christ would be the last prophet. After Christ prophets were superfluous, as God has spoken through His Son. Evidently the fact that Go spoke to prophets in the past indicates to some that He would not in the future, but the NT already renders that interpretation false, as seven other prophets are mentioned by name (Acts 13:1; 15:32; 21:10), and Paul tells us the body of Christ is built upon prophets. This can then be said of the entirety of books contained in the Bible: prophets are an absolute necessity, and no indication is ever given that they will ever become unnecessary.

We do actually find instances in the Bible of people denying the necessity of prophets. The Samaritans, Pharisees and Sadducees all make their accusations on the basis that God no longer speaks through prophets. Christ addresses this notion in Matthew 23:29-34. He tells them that they are wrong in saying they would have been righteous had they lived in the days of the prophets, as they will take part in the same blood-lust. They were unaware that they would have to deal with prophets directly. Verse 34 says that Christ will send prophets. They were more comfortable teaching the words of prophets that could not tell them they were wrong. Whenever the scriptures are left to be interpreted without prophets they are perverted and schisms arise. Need I point out the endless schisms in Christianity today?

The Samaritans fell into a similar trap. They denied the actuality of prophets and scripture because of a misinterpretation of Deut. 4:2 (the very same misinterpretation is made by Christians today of Rev. 22:18). They accepted only the Torah as law and only Moses as prophet. You’re all well aware of their state.

The pattern was set, and hardly had the blood of the apostles dried before that pattern was abolished. Prophets administered before and after Jesus’ ministry. It cannot be denied that Christ did not usher in their extinction, but prophets were immediately stricken from Christianity, never to be sought after again. With this denial of God’s pattern came the very same schisms and violence of old. People immediately began preaching with their own agendas. The telltale signs of apostasy were rampant, and Christ even addressed these signs in revelation. It appears from history that the churches did not heed His warning.

What of the Apostles, though? When Judas died the remaining apostles came together and made it known that a replacement would be needed. They chose one by divine intervention (in no place do we find a vote taking place), and the Apostles carried on their duties. This makes it abundantly clear that twelve apostles are the standard of administration. Paul tells us that apostles are before prophets, so who decided that this quorum should be done away with? As these apostles died they were not replaced. By the end of the Bible we have one apostle and no replacements. Why not?

Only two conclusions are evident. Either they were no longer needed, or the church was not functioning correctly anymore. We are in no place told that the Apostleship would be done away with. The only clue we are given at all is that they needed twelve apostles for the church to go forth under the correct administration. As these apostles died there wa sincreasing confusion and strife in the church. The early church historians agree that the church discontinued as God's legal representation on this earth, but those quotes are for another topic.

I make a side note of another key principle of Christ’s gospel that has been grossly perverted. This is the manner in which the church dealt with money. In the NT we hear of a system of communal living in which the poor where taken care of via the abundance of others. Money was only needed insofar as it provided you with the necessities of life. The only Christian church in existence for hundreds of years, and the mother of all subsequent Christian churches apparently was unaware of this and became the very epitome of the avarice that Christ vehemently condemned. Millions have been slaughtered in the name of this church’s insatiable lust for gold. Its entire fortune was built upon the bones of the original possessors of that fortune. In South America I heard the desperate cries of many homeless who begged me for an answer to the question, Why are we dying of hunger when our pope sleeps on a bed made of solid gold? Is that church serving God or Mammon?

My conclusion? The churches that fought their way to the top of the heap after the close of the Bible are not authorized by God to be there.

I will make one more post on this particular topic concerning the way in which the papacy became a disgustingly unchristian station. If the leaders of God’s church are as corrupt as the infidels they slaughter can it really be called God’s church? It’s the only one making that claim, so the only conclusions that can be drawn from my next post can be that it is God’s church, or God’s church was temporarily lost. Give me another day for that one. function exit() { window.close(); }

[dan]

My next order of business is to establish by the example of the Catholic Church (Christianity from the fourth century on) that the government of the church had been radically and illegally altered. It is paramount, then, to show that as long as God’s people have had an ecclesiastical leader endorsed from on high, that leader has been an ordained leader, approved by God for his righteousness. In the OT it was originally prophets who bore the burden of leading the people, and they were righteous. If they weren’t they were immediately removed from office. When Israel chose to have kings rule them they began a downward spiral into iniquity. These kings often ruled in unrighteousness, but their office gave them no ecclesiastical authority. There was usually a prophet to counsel them. We know this from the scripture that has been recorded. Another interesting fact: whenever there has been an approved ecclesiastical authority on the earth there has been scripture. We do not possess all of it, but we do know definitively that God’s people were never guided by Him save scripture was present.

The point I believe is irrefutable is that there is no example anywhere in the Bible of ecclesiastical authority consistently administering in wickedness. Whenever the ecclesiastical leaders have become corrupt God has taken one of two actions. First, he immediately replaces the corrupt authority with a righteous one, or He withdraws His authority and administration completely. Those times would be the times of apostasy mentioned earlier.

My object with this post is to show that the Catholic Church cannot be viewed as anything other than a manifestation complete and total withdrawal of divine sanction.

We can begin in the Bible. There are numerous examples of churches being led by corrupt doctrines. Paul’s letters are almost all corrective in nature. How would these congregations have survived had Paul not been around? Here’s a better question: at what point, exactly, did these churches become autonomous to apostolic counsel? At the deaths of the apostles those epistles stopped and those churches were left to themselves. Had there been an ecclesiastical authority on the earth they would have continued as one. Without this counsel they would have split. As it really happened, they immediately began teaching all kinds of false and perverted doctrines.

From Joseph Milner’s five volume History of the Church of Christ: “We shall now perceive that the most precious truths of the Gospel begin to be less attended to, and less brought to view. Even Justin Martyr, before the period of eclectic corruption, by his fondness for Plato, adulterated the gospel in some degree…Tatian, his scholar, went bolder lengths, and deserved the name of heretic. He dealt largely in the merits of continence and chastity; and these virtues, pushed into extravagant excesses, under the notion of superior purity, became great engines of self-righteousness and superstition; obscured men’s view of the faith of Christ, and darkened the whole face of Christianity. Under the fostering hand of Ammonius and his followers, this fictitious holiness disguised under the appearance of eminent sanctity, was formed into a system; and it soon began to generate the worst evils…St. Paul’s caution against philosophy and vain deceit, it appears, was now fatally neglected by Christians.”

Here are some systems of faith that gained large followings during this time period, according to Hegesippus, by way of Eusebius: Simonians, Cleobians, Dositheans, Gortheonians, Masbotheans, Meandrians, Marcionists, Carpocratians, Valentinians, Basilidians and Saturnillians. Each of these sects was headed by an ecclesiastical leader vying for rank and authority. It was in this cloud of discord and pomp that Constantine held a council so that the doctrines could be ironed out. Different groups argued their cases and votes were taken. Majority established the original doctrine and the losers were made to conform or be killed. Many were killed. Is this truly God’s ordained church? Does it act under His divine approbation?

Allow me to further examine the leadership of this church. I’m well aware that the actions of the common members of any church in no way represent the church as a whole, so I will keep my comments limited to the very popes that ran this church. Every single male mentioned by name was Pope.

[dan]

A Duke in the late eighth century compelled some bishops to consecrate his brother, Constantine, as pope. In 768 more legitimate electors chose Stephen IV and removed Constantine, putting out his eyes and cutting out the tongue of one of the bishops. That bishop was left to die in a dungeon. In 795 Pope Adrian’s nephews seized his successor, Leo III, and attempted to cut out his eyes and tongue. Pope Adrian later tried to suppress a conspiracy to depose him, and turned Rome into a scene of “rebellion, murder and conflagration” according to Draper. Stephen V, his successor, was “ignominiously” exiled from the city. His successor, Paschal I was accused of blinding and murdering two ecclesiastics in the LateranPalace. John VIII paid tribute to the Mohammedans (God was apparently not fighting His church’s battles at this point). The Bishop of Naples was in alliance with them and received some of that tribute. John found out and excommunicated him, promising absolution if he became a murderer himself. Formosus became Pope despite being excommunicated for being one of the conspirators in the death of John VIII. Boniface VI was deposed for his “immoral and lewd life”. Stephen VII dug up Formosus’ body, dressed him in the Papal attire, placed him in the Papal chair and tried him before a council. He then cut off three of his fingers and threw the body into the Tiber. That Pope was then thrown into prison and strangled. Five Popes were elected between AD 896 and 900. Leo V, AD 904, was thrown in prison in just two months by one of his chaplains, who usurped his throne, but was then driven from Rome by Sergius III, who took over the pontificate by military force. This man lived in “criminal intercourse” with the prostitute Theodora. She and her two daughters, Marozia and Theodora (also prostitutes) exercised complete control over him. He was controlled right out of the Papal chair to be replaced by another of Theodora’s lovers, John X. Marozia hated John. She killed his brother before her eyes and threw John in prison. He later was killed with a pillow. Marozia’s son became John XI in AD 931. Marozia married the brother of John XI’s father, and was then thrown in prison by another of her sons, along with the Pope. That son’s son was later made John XII, when he was only nineteen. This boy apparently led the most immoral life of any pope up to this point. Among many other things he ordained a ten year old boy as bishop, committed incest with one of his father’s concubines (Popes can have concubines?), turned the Lateran Palace into a brothel and invoked the blessings of Jupiter and Saturn. Leo VIII was then elected, but the old pope couldn’t just back down, so he cut the hand off of one of his antagonists, and the nose fingers and tongues of others. He was then killed by a man whose wife he had seduced. John XIII was strangled in prison; Boniface VII imprisoned Benedict VII and killed him by starvation; John XIV was secretly put to death in the castle of St. Angelo; the corpse of Boniface was dragged through the streets. In 1033 an eleven year old boy, Benedict IX, was made pope. Victor III declared that his life was so “shameful, so foul, so execrable, that he shuddered to describe it.” Benedict auctioned off the Papacy to Gregory VI in AD 1045. In 1309 the Papal chair was moved to France so her kings could finally have a turn raping the church. Rome retaliated by electing its own pope. In 1409 a council was held to do something about having two popes at the same time. Both popes were deposed and a new one elected, but neither of the two would step down, so now we had three popes at the same time! It wasn’t until 1414 (more than a hundred years after the original schism) that one pope was exclusively reigning. I don’t think I have to tell you about the Dark Ages, the Crusades, the men killed for translating the Bible, Eugenics or the Papal indifference regarding the Holocaust.

Can anyone really believe that this is Christ’s church? Some will pawn off the idea that there was a “dark age” of the Catholic Church when they lost their divine appointment, but luckily regained it. This is unbiblical, as no new prophet was called to establish any restoration. New wine, my friends. The administration just moved along as usual with no evidence of any divine intervention at all. This is the end of point one. I welcome any and all investigation and criticism of my logic to this point.

[Quiddity]

Holy Chicken Little! Where to start? I don't have the energy for this anymore....

[dan]

I understand there's a lot here, but it serves in showing just that the evidence is overwhelming if one looks in to it. If there is error in my logic please have at it. I don't feel I have any facts mixed up, but if I do please point them out.

[dan]

Certainly someone has something to say. This thread isn't that boring.