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#21
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#22
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I got the same message, lol.
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#23
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#24
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#25
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Bart Ehrman (generally not my favorite scholar, as his popular publications are more numerous than his scholarly) actually has a fairly apt summary of what this line refers to in his book on heresies meant for the general public: "It is virtually impossible to understand what the verse can mean withour recognizing that in the ancient world, the world of this text, people generally understood gender relations differently than we do. Today we tend to think of men and women as two kinds of the same thing. There are humans, and they are either male and female. In the ancient world, genders were not imagined like that. For ancient people, male and female were not two kinds of human; they were two degrees of human. As we know from medical writers, philosophers, poets, and others, women in the Greek and Roman worlds [and I would add Jewish to Ehrman's list] were widely understood to be imperfect men. They were men who had not developed fully. In the womb they did not grow penises. When born, they did not develop fully, did not grow muscular, did not develop facial hair, did not acquire deep voices. Women were quite literally the weaker sex. And in a world permeated with an ideology of power and dominance, that made women subservient and, necessarily, subordinate to men... And so, salvation for this Gospel of Thomas, which presupposes a unification of all things so that there is no up and down, in and out, male and female, requires that all divine spirits return to their place of origin. But for women to achieve this salvation, they obviously must first become male. The knowledge that Jesus reveals allows for that transformation, so that every woman who makes herself male, through understanding his teaching, will enter then into the Kingdom." Lost Christianities: The Battles for Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew pp. 63-64. |
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#26
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thus soul is impermanent, so is body as both are dualities... Philip AND Thomas and others..speak of unification. Through Gnosis this duality no longer exists.... all are resolved into their roots (Gospel of Mary etc)... Thomas 22 is the most obvious.... But we can see this in the teachings of aquinas... 3 movements in the universe straight line --male, father circle - female , mother mother + father= child 3rd movement is "obtuse" the lightning serpentine movement. That which is a product of mother and father... both and yet NEITHER. The 3rd is the Christ, the perfected that has achieved the highest level of Gnosis... But again from a scholarly personage or stance looking at Gnostic texts one will NEVER see any of these allusions.... because scholars arent actually interested IN Gnosis...
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There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, Than are dreamt of in your philosophy. |
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#27
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Oh please.... that is why Gnostics worshipped Sophia, had women priests, placed women in high regard in scriptures and some groups even placed a certain woman as Yeshua's equal..... You are just plain wrong.... I wish I could remeber, but 114 is found in another text in the nag hammadi collection, and illuminates 114 better....
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There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, Than are dreamt of in your philosophy. |
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#28
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How do you reconcile this with the Enochian Gnostic lines? those that wrote the hechalot literature... who may or may not have written Thomas....who were different to the mainstream folks you and others mention, at least this is one possibility. Frankly I still think Thomas 114 and other such illusions are pointing to a deeper truth than the literal truth you are pointing to, one that is indeed a unification of all opposites (becoming a virgin in the strictest meaning of the word). The fact that Gnostics placed such a high level on women in text and praxis really does not give value to a conclusive conclusion that women were 2nd class citizens frankly:
Jack Kilmon wrote: I think this is an important issue often ignored in “historical Jesus studies.” I agree with Barker and will go further to label the historical Jesus (sorry, mythers) as an Enochian rather than a Mosaic Jew. Lets look at Jesus as an Enochian, like the Essenes albeit, I believe, He differed with the Qumran folks on eschatology. Now this is lengthy but if the hypothesis is a form of Judaism (Daniel-Enochian) from which both the Essenes/Qumran/DSS People arose and to which Jesus also subscribed, I have to back it up. We have seen books depicting Jesus the sage, cynic, magicin, healer, messiah…there is probably a book somewhere claiming he’s a Presbyterian. He was, IMO, an apocalyptic. If the Dead Sea Scroll corpus is a good barometer, the late 2nd temple period saw an emergence of Daniel-Enochian fervor. In both Daniel and the Enochian literature, the “son of man” plays a central role. Jesus himself, NOT ONCE, refers to himself with certainty as the Messiah but instead refers to himself as the bar nasha/ben adam of Daniel and Enoch…”coming on the clouds, etc.” It was Paul of Tarsus…hostile to the Nazarenes, who conferred the name of XRISTOS on Jesus in his reconstruction of Jesus as the Pauline “Christ Crucified.” The cradle from which both Jewish and Christian “mysticism” arose was Enochian apocalypticism, the same cradle from which post-destruction Ma’asei Merkavah (which would eventually develop into Kabbala) and the Hekhalot literature arose which deals with “mystical” ascents into heaven. Anyone pursuing the ancient Jewish sources from which the Nazarenes arose, should read the considerable Enochian literary corpus now available thanks to the Qumran texts. The Books of Enoch and their related texts, Jubilees, Giants, Weeks, Parables, Watchers, Testimonies of the 12 Patriarchs, Dreams, etc. Enochian apocalypticism is a reflection of a Mesopotamian alternative to Mosaic” Judaism with its focus on Enmeduranki, the 7th antediluvian king of Sippar in the Sumerian Chronicles and a counterpart (or model) for Enoch.. There was a considerable influence by Zoroastrianism on Judaism as a result to the Babylonian Captivity after which they brought the Enochian traditions to Jerusalem upon the return. The Jerusalem priests at that time hated the Enochian Jews (and it is my position that Jesus was an Enochian Jew) who supported the Maccabees thereby gaining favor with the Hasmoneans. These Enochian Jews became, IMO, the Essenes who subsequently developed serious issues with the Hasmonean priest-kings. I don’t think anyonewould argue that the Dead Sea Scrolls are not strongly Enochian. The Jewish Nazarenes (”branchers”) were heirs, IMO, to the Enochian traditions but Gentile Christianity imported a constellation of influences from Graeco-Roman sources. That Enochian Judaism was an alternative to Mosaic nomian Judaeism can explain why Paul appears anti-nomian and why Enoch was not included in the Rabbinical canon. Quoted in the Book of Jude: “And behold! He cometh with ten thousands of His holy ones To execute judgement upon all, And to destroy all the ungodly: And to convict all flesh of all the works of their ungodliness which they have ungodly committed, And of all the hard things which ungodly sinners have spoken against Him.” (Enoch 1:9) Other references to the SON OF MAN in Enoch: “And there I saw One who had a head of days, And His head was white like wool, And with Him was another being whose countenance had the appearance of a man, And his face was full of graciousness, like one of the holy angels. 2 And I asked the angel who went with me and showed me all the hidden things, concerning that 3 Son of Man, who he was, and whence he was, (and) why he went with the Ancient of Days? And he answered and said unto me: This is the Son of Man who hath righteousness, With whom dwelleth righteousness, And who revealeth all the treasures of that which is hidden, Because the Lord of Hosts hath chosen him, And whose lot hath the pre-eminence before the Lord of Hosts in uprightness for ever.” (Part 8 Chapter 46:1-3) 1 And in that place I saw the fountain of righteousness Which was inexhaustible: And around it were many fountains of wisdom: And all the thirsty drank of them, And were filled with wisdom, And their dwellings were with the righteous and holy and elect. 2 And at that hour that Son of Man was named In the presence of the Lord of Hosts, And his name before the Ancient of Days. 3 Yea, before the sun and the signs were created, Before the stars of the heaven were made, His name was named before the Lord of Hosts. 4 He shall be a staff to the righteous whereon to stay themselves and not fall, And he shall be the light of the Gentiles, And the hope of those who are troubled of heart. 5 All who dwell on earth shall fall down and worship before him, And will praise and bless and celebrate with song the Lord of Hosts. 6 And for this reason hath he been chosen and hidden before Him, Before the creation of the world and for evermore. 7 And the wisdom of the Lord of Hosts hath revealed him to the holy and righteous; For he hath preserved the lot of the righteous, Because they have hated and despised this world of unrighteousness, And have hated all its works and ways in the name of the Lord of Hosts: For in his name they are saved, And according to his good pleasure hath it been in regard to their life. (Part 8 Chapter 48:1-7) The Book of Daniel, like Enoch, was written originally in Aramaic. It contains the most famous reference to the SON OF MAN. Daniel 7:13-14 (WEB) 13 חזה הוית בחזוי ליליא וארו עם־ענני שׁמיא כבר אנשׁ אתה הוה ועד־עתיק יומיא מטה וקדמוהי הקרבוהי׃ 14 ולה יהיב שׁלטן ויקר ומלכו וכל עממיא אמיא ולשׁניא לה יפלחון שׁלטנה שׁלטן עלם די־לא יעדה ומלכותה פ 13 I saw in the night-visions, and, behold, there came with the clouds of the sky one like a son of man (כבר אנש [kibar 'anash]), and he came even to the ancient of days, and they brought him near before him. 14 There was given him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all the peoples, nations, and languages should serve him: his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom that which shall not be destroyed. Jesus spoke of himself, just as above in Daniel, at Matthew 24:30 And then shall appear the sign of the Son of man in heaven: and then shall all the tribes of the earth mourn, and they shall see the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven with power and great glory. ……and at Matthew 26:64 Jesus saith unto him, Thou hast said: nevertheless I say unto you, Hereafter shall ye see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven. As you can see, Jesus refers to himself as the SON OF MAN (Aramaic bar nasha) of Daniel and Enoch and not, IMO, as simply the bar nash/a idiom for “just a guy.” Now let’s see how many times Jesus calls himself the bar nasha (son of man)…he never referred to himself with certainty or non-cryptically as the Messiah. Matthew 8:20 And Jesus saith unto him, The foxes have holes, and the birds of the air [have] nests; but the Son of man hath not where to lay [his] head. Matthew 9:6 But that ye may know that the Son of man hath power on earth to forgive sins, (then saith he to the sick of the palsy,) Arise, take up thy bed, and go unto thine house. Matthew 10:23 But when they persecute you in this city, flee ye into another: for verily I say unto you, Ye shall not have gone over the cities of Israel, till the Son of man be come. Matthew 11:19 The Son of man came eating and drinking, and they say, Behold a man gluttonous, and a winebibber, a friend of publicans and sinners. But wisdom is justified of her children. Matthew 12:8 For the Son of man is Lord even of the sabbath day. Matthew 12:32 And whosoever speaketh a word against the Son of man, it shall be forgiven him: but whosoever speaketh against the Holy Ghost, it shall not be forgiven him, neither in this world, neither in the [world] to come. Matthew 12:40 For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale’s belly; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth. Matthew 13:37 He answered and said unto them, He that soweth the good seed is the Son of man; Matthew 13:41 The Son of man shall send forth his angels, and they shall gather out of his kingdom all things that offend, and them which do iniquity; Matthew 16:13 When Jesus came into the coasts of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, saying, Whom do men say that I the Son of man am? Matthew 16:27 For the Son of man shall come in the glory of his Father with his angels; and then he shall reward every man according to his works. Matthew 16:28 Verily I say unto you, There be some standing here, which shall not taste of death, till they see the Son of man coming in his kingdom. Jack klimon's website full text: Yeshua, the Enochian Jew « Prayers and Reflections
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There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, Than are dreamt of in your philosophy. Last edited by Mr Cheese; 06-26-2009 at 07:38 AM.. |
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#29
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114, is for many "problematic"and seemingly sexist. According to our fellow Oberon this is indeed the story here. However there are "other scholars" that point to a very different idea...
Marvin Meyer quotes Hippolytus, Refutation of All Heresies 5.8.44 for comparison: "For this, he says, is 'the gate of heaven,' . . . where it is necessary for them, when they have come there, to cast off their clothing and all become bridegrooms, having been made male through the virgin spirit." (The Gospel of Thomas: The Hidden Sayings of Jesus, p. 109) Marvin Meyer quotes Clement of Alexandria, Excerpts from Theodotus 79 for comparison: "As long, then, as the seed is still unformed, they say, it is a child of the female, but when it was formed, it was changed into a man and becomes a son of the bridegroom. No longer is it weak and subject to the cosmic (forces), visible and invisible, but, having become male, it becomes a male fruit." (The Gospel of Thomas: The Hidden Sayings of Jesus, p. 109) Marvin Meyer quotes First Apocalypse of James 41:15-19 for comparison: "The perishable has gone [up] to the imperishable, and [the] element of femaleness has attained to the element of this maleness." (The Gospel of Thomas: The Hidden Sayings of Jesus, p. 110) Marvin Meyer quotes Zostrianos 131:2-10 for comparison: "Do not baptize yourselves with death, nor give yourselves into the hands of those who are inferior to you instead of those who are better. Flee from the madness and the bondage of femaleness, and choose for yourselves the salvation of maleness. You have not come [to] suffer, but rather you have come to escape your bondage." (The Gospel of Thomas: The Hidden Sayings of Jesus, p. 110) Robert M. Grant and David Noel Freedman write: "As in the Gospel of Mary (pages 17-18 of the papyrus) and in Pistis Sophia (chapter 146), Simon Peter is not enthusiastic about the presence of Mariham (mentioned in Saying 21), just as in John 4:27 the disciples of Jesus are amazed because he is speaking with a woman. Male and female must become one (Saying 23 and Commentary). Jesus will 'draw' her (John 12:32) so that she will become 'one spirit' with him (1 Corinthians 6:17). She will become a man; just so, Ignatius of Antioch says that when he receives the pure light he will 'become a man' (Romans, 6, 2; for another parallel to Ignatius see Commentary on Saying 82). In order to enter into the kingdom of heaven, women must become men. We might be tempted to take this notion symbolically were it not for the existence of Gnostic parallels, for example in the Gospel of Mary (page 9), in Clement of Alexandria (Excerpta ex Theodoto 21, 3), and among the Naassenes. The 'house of God' is reserved 'for the spiritual ones alone; when they come there they cast off their garments [see Saying 38] and all become bridegrooms [Saying 75], having been made male by the virginal Spirit' (Hippolytus, Ref., 5, 8, 44). The high point of Thomas's eschatology is thus reached, at the end of his gospel, with the obliteration of sex." (The Secret Sayings of Jesus, p. 198) Helmut Koester writes: "But the ideal of the itinerant man, who is independent of all social and family bonds, also seems to imply that women engaged in the pursuit of common values and social conventions likewise are not fit for this role unless they accept the ideal of the ascetic man: [114]." (Ancient Christian Gospels, p. 128) Funk and Hoover write: "In v. 3 Jesus is not suggesting a sex-change operation, but is using 'male' and 'female' metaphorically to refer ot the higher and lower aspects of human nature. Mary is thus to undergo a spiritual transformation from her earthly, material, passionate nature (which the evangelist equates with the female) to a heavenly, spiritual, intellectual nature (which the evangelist equates with the male). This transformation may possibly have involved ritual acts or ascetic practices." (The Five Gospels, p. 532) Robert M. Grant and David Noel Freedman write: "Indeed, Jesus says of Mary (presumably Mary Magdalene, as in most Gnostic revelations) that he will make her a male so that she may become a 'living spirit' like the male apostles: 'for every woman who makes herself a man will enter into the Kingdom of Heaven' (114/112). According to the Naassenes, spiritual beings will come to 'the house of God'; there they will cast off their garments and all of them will become bridegrooms, having been made male by the virginal Spirit. [Hippolytus Ref. V. 8. 44.] This teaching is close to that of Thomas." (Gnosticism & Early Christianity, p. 188) ........... Thus the idea that 114 is about body hatred, sexism, women as 2nd class citizens, again, once again is not the full story. We take this in context with thomas 22, allusions of unification of opposites in Philip, the veneration of Mary Mag in Philip and other Gnostic texts (for example nag hammadi, pistis sophia and mandaean, gosp mary) makes a strong opposition for the allusions that Gnostics were all misoginistic body haters... because as is with all Gnostics, one needs to read between the lines... simply looking at face value, reveals rather little.
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There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, Than are dreamt of in your philosophy. Last edited by Mr Cheese; 06-26-2009 at 07:34 AM.. |
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#30
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In many gnostic cosmonogies, Sophia had more in common with satan than a figure of worship. Sophia was responsible for all the evil in the world, because she decided to act without the permission of the one true god, and reproduced without a consort, producing the god of the OT, who subsequently produced the evil material world from which gnostics seek to escape.
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